Reactions of Acids

Question 2

What are soluble metal oxides and metal hydroxides called?

Answer 2

They are called alkalis.

Question 3

What do alkalis react with?

Answer 3

Alkalis react with acids in neutralisation reactions.

Question 4

Can bases that do not dissolve in water participate in neutralisation reactions?

Answer 4

Yes, even bases that won’t dissolve in water will still take part in neutralisation reactions with acids.

Question 5

What do metal oxides and metal hydroxides form when they react with acid?

Answer 5

They form a salt and water.

Question 6

Read and memorise

Answer 6

Some metal oxides and metal hydroxides dissolve in water. These soluble compounds are alkalis. Alkalis react with acids in neutralisation reactions. Even bases that won’t dissolve in water will still take part in neutralisation reactions with acids. Metal oxides and metal hydroxides react with acid to form a salt and water .

Question 7

Acid + metal oxide or hydroxide ->
Include examples

Answer 7

salt + water
2HCL + CuO -> CuCl^2 + H20
H2SO4 + big 2KOH -> K2SO4 + Big 2 H20
HNO3 + NaOH -> NaNO3 + H20

Question 8

Metal carbonates are also —–, they react with acids to produce a salt,——- and co2s

Include examples

Answer 8

bases, water
Acid + metal carbonate -> salt + water + co2

2HCL + Na2CO3 -> 2NaCL + H20 + CO2
H2SO4 + CaCO3 -> CaSO4 + H20 + CO2

Question 9

Practical to make soluble salts using an insoluble base

Answer 9

1) Pick right acid and insoluble base, such as an insoluble metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate. E.g. if you want to make copper chloride, mix HCL + copper oxide

Cu0 (s) + big2HCL (aq)-> CuCl2(aq) + H20 (l)

2) gently warm dilute acid using a Bunsen burner, then turn off the Bunsen burner
3) add insoluble base to acid a bit at a time until no more reacts. You’ll know when all acid has been neutralised because even after stirring, the excess solid will just sink to the bottom of the flask
4) filter out excess solid to get the salt solution
5) To get pure, solid crystals of salt, gently heat the solution using a water bath or an electric heater to evaporate some of the water and then stop heating it and leave the solution to cool. Crystals of the salt should form which can be filtered out the solution to cool and dried = crystallisation