Changing state

Question 1

Do physical changes change the particles ?

Answer 1

No, only their arrangement or their energy

Question 2

Process as solid changes to liquid then gas

Answer 2

Solid heated, its particles gain more energy which makes them vibrate more which then weakens the force that holds the solid together.

At a certain temperature - mp - the particles have enough energy to break free from their positions, This is called melting and solid turns into liquid.

Solid heated again, particles gain more energy and this energy makes particles move faster which weakens and breaks bonds holding liquid together

At a certain temperature - bp - the particles have enough energy to break their bonds. This is called boiling and liquid turns into gas.

Question 3

Process as gas changes to liquid then solid

Answer 3

Gas cools and particles no longer have energy to overcome forces of attraction and bonds form between particles.

At bp, so many bonds form between gas particles that gas becomes liquid = condensation

As liquid cool, particles move around less and have less energy

no longer have energy to overcome forces of attraction between particles so more bonds form

At mp, so many bonds form particles that there held in place. liquid becomes solid = freezing

Question 4

Predict state of substance below mp, bp and in between

Answer 4

mp = solid
bp = gas
in between = liquid