Distillation

Question 1

What is simple distillation used for

Answer 1

separating out a liquid from a solution

Question 2

Simple distillation - PRACTICAL

Answer 2

1) the solution is heated . part of solution that has lowest bp will evaporate first

2) vapour cools, condenses and is collected

3) rest of solution is left behind in flask

4) You can use simple distillation to get pure water from salt water, water evaporates, condenses and collects while salt is left in flask

Question 3

disadvantage with simple distillation

Answer 3

you can only use it to separate things with very different bp, - if temperature goes higher than the bp of the substance with the higher bp, they will mix again

Question 4

fractional distillation ( Similar bp ) - PRACTICAL

Answer 4

1) you put your mixture in flask and stick a fractionating column on top, then you heat it.

2) Diff liquids have diff bp so they’ll evaporate at diff temp

3) liquid with lowest bp evaporate first. When the temp on the thermometer matches the bp of the liquid , it will reach the top of the column

4) liquids with high bp start to evaporate but the column is cooler towards the top so they condense and run back down towards the flask

5) When the first liquid has been collected, you raise the temperature until the next one reaches the top.