Covalent bonding

Question 1

When is a covalent bond made and what is covalent bonding ?

Why is covalent bonds so strong ?

Answer 1

1) When non metals atoms bond together, they share pairs of electrons to make covalent bonds

2) The positively charged nuclei of the bonded atoms are attracted to the shared pair of electrons by electrostatic forces, making covalent bond really strong

Question 2

What does each covalent bond provide ?

Answer 2

one extra shared electron for each atoms-
Atoms only share electron in their outer shell - Each atom involved generally makes enough covalent bonds to fill up the outer shell and having a full outer shell = electronic structure of noble gas - very stable

Question 3

When do covalent bond occur ?

Answer 3

Compounds of non metals (h2o) or non metal elements ( cl2)

Question 4

advantage and disadvantage of dot and cross diagram

Answer 4

useful for showing which atoms the electrons in a covalent bond comes from.

Don’t show relative size of atoms or how they’re arranged in space

Question 5

advantage and disadvantage of displayed formula - see page 115

Answer 5

shows how they’re connected as single lines between atoms, great for showing how they’re connected in large molecules but don’t show 3d structure of the molecule or which atoms the electrons in covalent bond have come from

Question 6

advantage and disadvantage of 3D model - see page 115

Answer 6

shows atoms, covalent bond and their arrangement in space next to each other.

can get confusing for large molecules where lots of atoms to include. They don’t show where electrons in bonds have come from.