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USMLE > Rate Limiting Enzymes > Flashcards

Rate Limiting Enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

Glycolysis

A

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)

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2
Q

PFK-1 regulators

A

Pos: AMP, F26BP
Neg: ATP, citrate
GLYCOLYSIS

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3
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Fructose-1,6-bisphoshatase

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4
Q

F16BP regulators

A

Pos: ATP, acetyl-CoA
Neg: AMP, F26BP
GLUCONEOGENESIS

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5
Q

TCA cycle

A

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

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6
Q

Isocitrate dehydrogenase regulators

A

Pos: ADP
Neg: ATP, NADH
TCA CYCLE

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7
Q

Glycogenesis

A

Glycogen synthase

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8
Q

Glycogen synthase regulators

A

Pos: G6P, insulin, cortisol
Neg: epinephrine, glucagon
GLYCOGENESIS

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9
Q

Glycogenolysis

A

Glycogen phosphorylase

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10
Q

Glycogen phosphorylase regulators

A

Pos: epinephrine, glucagon, AMP
Neg: G6P, insulin, ATP
GLYCOGENOLYSIS

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11
Q

HMP shunt/PPP

A

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

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12
Q

G6PD regulators

A

Pos: NADP+
Neg: NADPH
HMP SHUNT/PPP

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13
Q

De novo pyrimidine synthesis

A

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II

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14
Q

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II regulators

A

None

DE NOVO PYRIMIDINE SYNTHESIS

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15
Q

De novo purine synthesis

A

Glutamine-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) aminotransferase

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16
Q

PRPP aminotransferase regulators

A

Neg: AMP, inosine monophosphate, GMP

DE NOVO PURINE SYNTHESIS

17
Q

Urea cycle

A

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I

18
Q

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I regulators

A

Pos: N-acetylglutamate

UREA CYCLE

19
Q

FA synthesis

A

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)

20
Q

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase regulators

A

Pos: insulin, citrate
Neg: glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA
FA SYNTHESIS

21
Q

FA oxidation

A

Carnitine acyltransferase I

22
Q

Carnitine acyltransferase I regulators

A

Neg: malonyl-CoA

FATTY ACID OXIDATION

23
Q

Ketogenesis

A

HMG-CoA synthase

24
Q

HMG-CoA synthase regulators

A

None

KETOGENESIS

25
Q

Cholesterol synthesis

A

HMG-CoA reductase

26
Q

HMG-CoA reductase regulators

A

Pos: insulin, thyroxine
Neg: glucagon, cholesterol
CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS

USMLE (38 decks)

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