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Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

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5
Q

Alcohol use disorder

A

AA + disulfiram, naltrexone, or acamprosate for patient; Al-Anon for patient’s family

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy

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8
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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9
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB anti-arrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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11
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Tamsulosin (Flomax; alpha antagonist), finasteride (5a-reductase inhibitor)

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Lithium, valporate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)

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13
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)

A

Smoking cessation

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15
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

Candida albicans

A

Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush), azoles (vaginitis)

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17
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreatide (somatostatin analog)

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18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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19
Q

Chronic gout

A

Probenecid (underexcretor = increase excretion of uric acid), allopurinol (overproducer = decrease production uric acid), febuxostat

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20
Q

Chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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21
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib (Gleevec; tyrosine kinase inhibitor)

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22
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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24
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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25
CMV
Ganciclovir
26
Crohn disease
Corticosteroids, infliximab, methotrexate, azathioprine
27
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)
28
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
29
Depression
SSRIs (first-line)
30
Diabetes insipidus
DDAVP (CENTRAL); hydrochlorothiazide [thiazide diuretic, inhibits NaCl cotransporter], indomethacin [NSAID], amiloride [K sparing diuretic, inhibits ENaC in DCT] (NEPHROGENIC)
31
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Dietary intervention (low sugar) + insulin replacement
32
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
33
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
34
Enterococci
Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside
35
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil (Viagra), Vardenafil (Levitra) | PDE5 inhibitors
36
ER + breast cancer
Tamoxifen
37
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
38
Haemophilus influenzae (B)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
39
Generalized anxiety disorder
Buspirone
40
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
Cycloposphamide, corticosteroids
41
Heparin toxicity (acute)
Protamine sulfate
42
HER2/neu + breast cancer
Trastuzumab
43
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
44
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin (first-line) | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
45
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
46
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
47
Infertility
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene
48
Influenza
Rimantadine, oseltamivir
49
Legionella pneumophila
Erythromycin
50
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin
51
Malaria
Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
52
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene (depresses excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle by binding ryanodine receptor and decreasing free intracellular Ca2+)
53
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
54
Migraine
Sumatriptan
55
MRSA
Vancomycin
56
Multiple sclerosis
Beta-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab
57
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
RIPE (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
58
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)
59
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
60
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
61
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
62
Osteoporosis
Bisphosphonates; calcium and vitamin D supplementation
63
Patent ductus arteriosus
Indomethacin
64
Pheochromocytoma
Alpha-antagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)
65
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
66
Prolactinoma
Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist)
67
Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide (GnRH analog), GnRH (continuous)
68
Prostate carcinoma
Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist)
69
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
70
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
71
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol (associated with aplastic anemia)
72
Ringworm infections
Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole
73
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., 2nd generation antipsychotics)
74
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
D2 receptor antagonists (e.g., 1st and 2nd generation antipsychotics)
75
SIADH
Demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists
76
Sickle cell anemia
Hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)
77
Sporothrix schenckii
Oral potassium iodide
78
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
79
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin
80
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
81
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
82
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophylaxis
83
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
84
Tonic-clonic seizures
Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
85
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
86
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
87
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
88
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
Carbamazepine
89
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA, infliximab, colectomy
90
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
91
Warfarin toxicity
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

USMLE (38 decks)

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