RAS

Question 1

Causes for Renin Release

Answer 1

decreased BP in JG cells
decreased Na in macula densa cells
increased sympathetic tone in B1-receptors

Question 2

Action of Renin

Answer 2

Cleaves Angiotensinogen into AngI

Question 3

ACE

Answer 3

Bradykinin break down; makes AngI into AngII

Question 4

Effects of Angiotensin II

Answer 4

Acts on AT1-R on vascular smooth muscle for vasoconstriction to increase BP
Constricts efferent arteriole of glomerulus to increase FF
Releases Aldosterone to increase Sodium resorption
ADH release to increase H2O reabsorption
stimulates thirst, and increase Na/H in PT to reabsorb Na, HCO3, and H2O

Question 5

Released from atria in response to increased volume; relaxes vascular smooth muscle via cGMP causing an increase in GFR and decrease in renin

Answer 5

ANP

Question 6

Primarily regulates osmolarity; also responds to low blood volumes

Answer 6

ADH

Question 7

Primarily regulates ECF Na content and volume; responds to low blood volume states

Answer 7

Aldosterone

Question 8

Modified smooth muscle cells of afferent arteriole

Answer 8

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 9

Secretes renin in response to decrease renal BP, decrease NaCl delivery to DCT and increases sympathetic tone (B1)

Answer 9

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 10

Beta-blocker on JGA

Answer 10

inhibits beta-1 recptors causing a decrease in renin release

Question 11

Upregulates principal cell K channels for secretion

Answer 11

Aldosterone

Question 12

Upregulates H-ATPases in intercalated cells for secretion

Answer 12

Aldosterone

Question 13

Creates a favrable gradient for Na and H2O reabsorption

Answer 13

Aldosterone

Question 14

H2O reabsorption

Answer 14

ADH

Question 15

Constricts efferent arteriole of glomerulus

Answer 15

Angiotensin II