random tings for GI Flashcards
coffee bean on XR
Bowel intussusception
post-hepatic cause of jaundice
Choledocholithiasis
what does Degenerative loss of ganglia from Auerbach’s plexus describe
Achalasia
45-year old woman presents with dysphagia. She is unable to swallow solids or liquids and sometimes regurgitates her food. She also experiences heartburn.
achalasia
treatment for primary biliary Cholangitis
Ursodeoxycholic acid
positive Murphy’s sign
Acute Cholecytitis
mechanism of cirrhosis?
Hepatic stellate cells found in the space of Disse are activated and transformed into myofibroblasts under the influence of cytokines. These activated cells synthesise collagen leading to fibrosis
Pathophysiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Autoimmune destruction of intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts resulting in fibrosis
What is the pattern of inheritance shown by alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
autosomal recessive
most common cause of acute appendicitis?
Faecolith obstruction
Charcot triad - fever, RUQ pain, jaundice
ascending cholangitis
haemorrhoids
Painless bright red rectal bleeding
+ve AMA (anti-mitochondrial antibodies)
Primary Biliary Cholangitis
The lump is in the groin and reappears after reduction
direct inguinal hernia
primary sclerosing cholangitis LFT
Cholestatic - ALP > ALT/AST, ↑ GGT and bilirubin
Blood tests reveal low serum vitamin B12 and folate.
IBS
treatment for Severe haematemesis of unknown cause in a patient with a heart rate of 120bpm and blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg
Fluid resuscitation
treatment for Actively bleeding peptic ulcer identified on endoscopy
Heater probe coagulation +
adrenaline injection
treatment for Uncontrollable oesophageal variceal bleeding in a patient with known
liver cirrhosis
Transjugular intrahepatic
portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
Painless jaundice =
cancer (colorectal)
main acute liver disease cause =
DRUGS
