random resp things Flashcards
Exudate =
(extra) protein > 30
Transudate =
(less) protein < 30
describe squamous cell
most common type in smokers
Secrete parathyroid hormone and causes hypercalcemia
Common places for metastasises include lymph nodes, liver, bones, adrenal glands and the brain
squamous cell lung cancer buzzwords
smoker, cavitating, hilar tumours.
adenocarcinoma
most common type in non-smokers.
Derived from gram cells;
mucus stains blue.
Often leads to peripheral tumours.
Causes hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropy i.e. finger clubbing, periosteal inflammation (like ankle pain)
where are pan coast tuners found
lung apexes
Asthma spirometry
- FVC normal
- FEV1 reduced
- FEV1/FVC ratio reduced (due to half of ratio being reduced)
COPD spirometry
- FVC reduced
- FEV1 reduced
- FEV1/FVC ratio normal (as both parts of the ratio have been reduced making it normal)
restrictive disease spirometry
- FVC reduced
- FEV1 reduced
- FEV1/FVC ratio normal (as both parts of the ratio have been reduced making it normal)
normal spirometry ratios
Normal > 75%
Reduced < 75%
Type 1 resp failure
low oxygen levels (hypoxemia)
type 2 resp failure
low oxygen levels, high carbon dioxide levels (COPD)
TB drugs
2 RIPE 4 RI
Rifampicin,
Isoniazid,
Pyrazinamide,
Ethambutol,
TB drug side effects
R - red-orange urine/sweat
I - tingling, parasthesiae of the extremities
P - goat and joint pain
E - optic neuritis
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia –
HIV, AIDS, immunosuppressed
