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Emma Repro > Random Review > Flashcards

Random Review Flashcards

1
Q

Glands lined by a single layer of epithelium and packed back to back

A

prostate adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

comm COD in cervical squamous cell carcinoma

A

renal failure w/ hydronephrosis

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3
Q

papillary tumor areas with high grade nuclei

A

serous adenocarcinoma

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4
Q

clomiphene citrate

A

a selective estrogen receptor modulator and is used for ovulation induction

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5
Q

letrozole

A

aromatase inhibitor

used for ovulation induction

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6
Q

Rotterdam Criteria

A

need 2/3 for PCOS

  1. Hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical)
  2. Ovulatory dysfunction (oligo-/ amenorrhea)
  3. Polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
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7
Q

menopause is dx by inc levels of

A

FSH

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8
Q

Endometriosis is characterized by dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, or both?

A

dysmenorrhea

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9
Q

Adenomyosis is characterized by dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, or both?

A

both

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10
Q

tx for benign (mature) ovarian teratoma

A

surgery

to avoid rupture etc.

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11
Q

BP changes during preg

A

progesterone relaxes smc

–> BP falls

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12
Q

Mg sulfate

A

smc RELAXANT

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13
Q

oxytocin

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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14
Q

prostaglandins E1 and E2

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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15
Q

ergot alkaloids

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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16
Q

alpha adrenergic drugs

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

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17
Q

mechanical stretch

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine stimulant

polyhydramnios
xs fetal size
mult preg
fibroids

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18
Q

progesterone

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine relaxant

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19
Q

terbutaline

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

beta mimetics (agonists)

uterine relaxant

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20
Q

nifedipine

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine relaxant

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21
Q

atociban

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

oxytocin antagonist

uterine relaxant`

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22
Q

Mg sulfate

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

Ca++ antagonist

uterine relaxant

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23
Q

ritodrine

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

beta mimetics (agonists)

uterine relaxant

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24
Q

prostaglandin
inhibitors

uterine stimulant or relaxant?

A

uterine relaxant

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25
Q

matrix metalloproteinase during labor

A

UPregulated, breaks up collagen and makes cervix soft

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26
Q

hyaluronic acid during labor

A

inc in hydration of ground substance

cervical ripening

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27
Q

negative station

A

head higher up relative to ischial spine

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28
Q

positive station

A

head lower relative to ischial spine

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29
Q

uterine a. changes during pregnancy

A

diameter doubles

30
Q

uterine blood flow changes during pregnancy

A

increases by 8-fold at 20 weeks pregnancy

31
Q

vasodilatation during pregnancy is mainly due to

A

estradiol and progesterone

32
Q

venous changes during pregnancy

A

vasodilation, less competent valves

33
Q

MAP changes during pregnancy

A

falls mid-pregnancy

~20 wk

34
Q

consequences of progesterone during pregnancy

A

dec SVR –> postural hypOtension

35
Q

angiotensin II during preg

A

inc –> H2O/Na retention

*less sensitive to this change tho, dec bp overall

36
Q

plasma volume during pregnancy

A

inc –> edema

37
Q

CVS changes occur during which part of pregnancy?

A

much occur prior to 12 wk gestation

38
Q

ureter/gb dilation during pregnancy can be attributed to

A

inc progesterone –. inc smc relax

39
Q

reason for inc UTI risk during pregnancy

A

ureter dilates, bladder smc relaxes (via progesterone, more urine retention)

40
Q

respiratory changes during pregnancy

A 
respiratory alkalosis
dec pCO2
hyperventilation --> inc TV
SOB
chest circumference inc
mucosa of nasopharynx becomes hyperemic and edematous
41
Q

T/F

physiologic dyspnea during pregnancy includes paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

F

42
Q

risk fx for mole

A

women >40
women 2+ miscarriages
partial less freq than complete moles

43
Q

___ molar pregnancies are more common

A

complete

44
Q

tonsssss of cells and nuclear material, no villi

A

gestational trophoblastic disease

45
Q

involuntary leakage + urgency

run to toilet

A

detrusor overactivity

uninhibited bladder contraction

46
Q

dribble

no urgency to pee

A

overflow incontinence

47
Q

examples of anticholinergics

A 
Oxybutynin    (Ditropan)
         Tolterodine (Detrol)
         Darifenacin (Enablex)
         Solifenacin (Vesicare)
         Trospium (Sanctura)
         Fesoterodine (Toviaz)
48
Q

STI leading to Fallopian tube damage, infertility

A

gonorrhea (damages cilia, can’t move pregnancy down tubes)

49
Q

shoulder pain

A

ruptured ectopic (blood between diaphragm and liver –> referred to shoulder)

50
Q

IUP shows hCG levels that double every

A

48 hours

51
Q

rudimentary uterine horn pregnancies have a rupture rate of

A

50%

52
Q

most common finding in ectopic pregnancy

A

adnexal mass

53
Q

most concerning fetal monitor findings

A

LATE decelerations

minimal variability

54
Q

glucose tolerance test

A

LOW RISK PREG:
1 hour glucose (50g) test at 24-28 weeks with no special prep (EAT)

if suspicious: screen at first visit

55
Q

3hr glucose test

A

if failed 1hr glucose test

3hr test includes 3d carb loading, 8hr overnight fast, then 100g oral glucose

measure fasting, 1hr, 2hr, 3hr

56
Q

pathophys of Rh(D) antigen response

A

B lymphocyte clones form that recognize foreign rbc antigens

57
Q

RhoGAM dose

A

300 mcg

58
Q

% women alloimmunized w/ RhoGAM

A

2% w/ routine PP dose

0.1% with added dose at 28wk

59
Q

is progesterone helpful clinically for uterine relaxation?

A

no

60
Q

placenta previa - painless or painful?

A

painless

61
Q

abruption placenta - painless or painful?

A

painful

62
Q

vasa previa

A

fetal blood vessel rupture, req c sec

63
Q

estrogens in peripheral adipose tissue are formed from

A

androstenedione

64
Q

most comm female malignancy

A

endometrial cancer

65
Q

most comm ovarian tumor

A

benign cystic teratoma

66
Q

solid tumors

A 
dysgerminoma
choriocarcinoma 
immature teratoma 
theca/fibroma
sertoli/leydig
67
Q

which tumors are estrogen AND progesterone sensitive (female)

A

Leiomyomas

68
Q

Onset of pregnancy-related dyspnea usually occurs before __ wk

A

20 wk

MILD
NOT AT REST

69
Q

ectopic preg present when?

A

6-8 wk after last normal menstrual pd

can occur later

70
Q

which location of ectopic presents with lots of bleeding

A

cornua of Fallopian tube

71
Q

tocolytic

A

term for uterine relaxants (anti-contraction)

Emma Repro (23 decks)

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