Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Emma Repro > Infections of the Genital Tract > Flashcards

Infections of the Genital Tract Flashcards

1
Q

3 common causes of vaginitis

A
  • bacterial vaginosis*
  • vulvovaginal candidiasis*
  • trichomoniasis

*=not sex transmit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In repro age women, predominant organism within vagina?

A

lactobacilli

dec vaginal pH: 3.5-4.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pH < 4.5 (normal range) suggests

A

yeast infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pH >4.7

A

bacterial vaginosis*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

amine “whiff” test

A
  • fishy odor that results when a drop of KOH is mixed in with discharge
  • suggests dx of BV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Wet mount

A

slide of discharge mixed w/ saline and on other side mixed w/ KOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clue cells

A

bacteria studded w/ squamous epithelial cells –> BV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

motile protozoa

A

trichomoniasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

spaghetti and meatballs

A

hyphae and budding yeast –> candidiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vulvovaginal candidiasis tx

A

topical antifungals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A

polymicrobial infection, lack of H2O2-producing lactobacilli –>overgrowth of anaerobic organisms

gardneraella vaginalis found w/ greater freq

thin, watery discharge
fishy odor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Amsel’s criteria

A

for bacterial vaginosis (need 3/4)

  • abnormal gray discharge
  • vaginal pH > 4.5
  • positive amine “whiff” test
  • more than 20% of epithelial cells being clue cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nucleic acid amplifcation tests (NAAT)

A

high sensitivity for bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bacterial vaginosis tx

A

5 – night course of intravaginal metronidazole or clindamycin

or

7-day course of oral metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vaginal trichomoniasis sx

A

discharge, itching, burning, or postcoital bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vaginal trichomoniasis transmission

A

sexually transmitted infection caused by parasitic protozoan, Trichomonas vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vaginal trichomoniasis dx

A

based on seeing the moving trichomonads on saline microscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

based on seeing the moving trichomonads on saline microscopy. tx

A

oral metronidazole

TX PARTNER TOO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

metronidazole can cause a ____-like effect

A

disulfram-like (Antabuse) effect when alcohol is ingested resulting in nausea, vomiting, headaches, and sweating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

most comm bacterial STI in US

A

Chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Most non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) in a male patient is caused by

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

chlamydia

A

vaginal discharge, post-coital bleeding, or dyspareunia

majority=ASYMPTOMATIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

untreated chlamydia puts women at high risk for

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

high risk of recurrence/reinfection

A

BV

chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

many polymorphonuclear cells with gram negative intracellular diplococci which looks like a pair of kidney beans

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Gonorrhea primary affects the mucous membranes of the

A

lower genital tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

gonorrhea in men, main sx

A

urethritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

gonorrhea in women, main sx

A

often asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

polymigratory arthralgias in knees or elbows

A

Disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI)

occurs in untreated chlamydia pt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) etiology

A

-female repro tract, begins in cervix –> peritoneal cavity –> peritonitis –> agglutination –> pelvic adhesive disease –> chronic pain, infertility, ectopic preg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

known etiologic agents of PID

A

Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis

32
Q

PID presumptive dx

A

should be made and the patient treated for PID for any sexually active women presenting with…

  • abdominal or pelvic pain
  • either cervical motion tenderness, fundal tenderness and/or adnexal tenderness on exam
  • if no other cause for her pain is found.
33
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

A
  • caused by type “serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis”
  • genital ulcer which progresses into a lymphatic infection with associated inguinal abscesses (buboes) and systemic illness
34
Q

groove sign

A

lympgranuloma venereum (LGV)

regional inguinal lymph nodes become exquisitely tender/erythematous

fevers/chills/malaise/HA/weight loss

35
Q

late lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

A

genital elephanitsis

36
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) tx

A

3 week course of doxycycline

37
Q

chancroid

A
  • causes ulcerative genital disease
  • low income
  • erythema w halo
38
Q

chancroid natural history

A

begins as tender papule –> ulcerates –> ragged with erythematous halo

ulcers can bleed easily, merge and form serpingious ulcers

no tx –> bubo formation –> sinus tract formation

39
Q

chancroid dx

A

clinical dx

-painful genital ulcers, tender lymphadenopathy, and negative testing for HSV or syphilis

40
Q

large numbers of gram negative coccobacilli in a “school of fsh” pattern

A

Hemophilus ducreyi –> CHANCROID

41
Q

chancroid

A

azithromycin or cefriaxone (single dose therapy)

42
Q

granuloma inguinale

Donovanosis

A
  • chronic, progressive, ulcerative
  • painless papule –> ulcerates to form an exuberant, beefy red ulcer w/ satin-like surface and easy bleeding

-cliniical + histo of Donovan bodies

43
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum vs Granuloma inguinale

A

both can lead to elephantiasis

constitutional sx absent in Granuloma inguinale

44
Q

Donovan bodies

A

gold standard for Granuloma inguinale

45
Q

Granuloma inguinale tx

A

doxycycline

46
Q

HSV-1 transmission

A

oral

47
Q

HSV-2

A

contact with genital secretions

48
Q

HSV lesion

A

painful, thin-walled vesicle on an ingammatory base

49
Q

primary HSV sx

A

fever, malaise, anorexia, and tender bilateral inguinal adenopathy

50
Q

HSV maintained in a repressed state in neurons

A

“latency”

  • transcription of only a few proteins
  • activ of entire genome can occur –> full transcription, viral release, etc
51
Q

recurrence of HSV?

A

common

recurrent episodes are usually associated with less severe symptoms than the primary infection and can even be asymptomatic

52
Q

dx of HSV

A

PCR
culture (1 vs 2)
serology
Tzanck prep

53
Q

Tzanck prep

A

The presence of multinucleated giant cells indicates infection with a herpes virus (“ground glass” appearance)

low sensitivity
no 1 vs 2 distinguish

54
Q

multinucleated giant cells indicates infection with a ____ virus (“ground glass” appearance)

A

herpes

55
Q

HSV tx

A

acyclovir for outbreaks

-need to tx recurrences EARLY ON

56
Q

HSV and pregnancy

A

neonatal HSV –> sepsis, encephalitis, DIC

spontaneous abortion, congenital HSV manifestations

57
Q

If the pregnancy patient has no symptoms suggestive of HSV outbreak or lesions on exam, ____________ is recommended to avoid neonatal exposure.

A

cesarean delivery

58
Q

high risk HPV

A

cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer

59
Q

low-risk HPV

A

condyloma acuminata

60
Q

condyloma tx

A

excisional or ablative techniques (TCA)

61
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

tight coil spirochete

–> SYPHILIS (variety of system affected)

62
Q

highly infectious stage of syphillis

A

primary syphilus

painless ulcer and painless lymphadenopathy

63
Q

90% secondary syphilis patients develop

A

a rash

64
Q

punched out tissue

made up of granulation and yellow slough

A

tertiary syphilis

65
Q

Findings of neurosyphilis include:

A

meningovascular syphilis
tabes dorsalis
general paresis
syphilitic otitis

66
Q

syphilis dx

A

RPR

VDRL

67
Q

primary and secondary syphilis tx

A

benzathine penicillin

68
Q

scabies transmission

A

intimate personal contact, often sexual in nature, but casual contact or contact with fomites may be adequate for transmission. Institutional epidemics can occur.

69
Q

public louse

A
  • pediculosis pubis
  • highly infectious
  • severe itching/low-grade fever/constitutional
  • dx on inspection
70
Q

tertiary/neurosyphilis tx

A

IV penicillin

71
Q

molluscum contagiosum

A

caused by moderately infectious DNA pox virus

diffuse papule distinguished by central umbilication

Henderson-Patterson bodies

72
Q

Henderson-Patterson bodies

A

molluscum contagiosum

73
Q

scabies

A
  • Sarcoptes Scabiei
  • itching most severe at night
  • worldwide, all rases/SES
  • erythematous papules/excoriations classically seen in webbed spaces of fingers
74
Q

scabies tx

A

Permethrin cream

Ivermectin oral

75
Q

pubic louse tx

A

Permethrin cream

similar to scabies

Emma Repro (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions