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Emma Repro > Menstrual Disorders > Flashcards

Menstrual Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Menorrhagia

A

xs flow (>80cc) or >7 days

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2
Q

Metororrhagia

A

irregular intervals

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3
Q

AUB classification for abnormal uterine bleeding

A

PALM COEIN

Polyp
Adenomyosis
Leiomyoma
Malignancy and Hyperplasis

Coagulopathy
Ovulatory dysfxn
Endometrial
Iatrogenic

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4
Q

Hypothalamic causes of AUB

A

Functional hypothalamic suppression
(hypOthalamic hypOgonadism)

via stress, diet, exercise, idiopathic

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5
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

amenorrhea

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6
Q

hypOthyroidism

A

menorrhagia

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7
Q

congenital GnRH deficiency

A

Kallmann syndrome

  • anosmia
  • delayed/absent puberty
  • due to failure of GnRH neurons to develop and migrate
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8
Q

most common pituitary tumor

A

prolactinoma

galactorrhea, HA, amenorrhea/oligomenorrhea

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9
Q

prolactin suppresses ___ secretion

A

GnRH

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10
Q

DA agonists

A

bromocriptine, cabergoline

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11
Q

Sheehan’s syndrome

A

ischemia and infarction of pituitary

GnRH blocked

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12
Q

PCOS

A
  • anovulation
  • hirsutism and/or acne
  • arrested follicle development
  • insulin resistance
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13
Q

arrested follicle development

A

secondary follicles that do not mature properly in the hyperandrogenic environment (no dominant follicle forms)

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14
Q

string of pearls

A

polycystic ovaries

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15
Q

dx criteria for PCOS

A

Rotterdam Criteria

  1. hyperandrogenism
  2. ovulatory dysfunction
  3. polycystic ovaries on US

need 2/3

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16
Q

PCOS tx

A 
weight loss/exercise
hormonal tx
metformin
androgen receptor blockers
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors
ovulation induction
17
Q

spironolactone

flutamide

A

androgen receptor blockers

18
Q

finasteride

A

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors

19
Q

FSH levels in Turner syndrome

A

high bc pituitary is trying to encourage ovaries to make more estrogen and there is lack of negative feedback because estrogen levels are low (likely has streak gonads)

20
Q

endometriosis dx

A

peritoneal biopsy = endometrial stroma and glands, even in absence of lesions

21
Q

chocolate cyst

A

endometriosis

hemosiderin derived from previous intra-ovarian hemorrhage

22
Q

tx for difficult to treat endometriosis

A

GnRH agonists (medically induce menopause; stimulate gonadotropin release and eventually cause a down-regulation of GnRH receptors)

Surgery (adhesiolysis, fulguration, resection, hysterectomy)

Emma Repro (23 decks)

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