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Random. Okay? Flashcards

1
Q

Electroconvulsive Therapy is indicated in Neurotic Depression/Delusions Depression?

A 
Delusional Depression
(Severe depression with psychotic features like delusions)
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2
Q

Alpha-fetoprotein in blood is seen which conditions?

A 
Mnemonic: TOLD
Testicular Tumour
Obituary i.e. Fetal Death
L- Liver ( Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
D- Defects, Neural Tube Defects

Ataxia Telengectasia

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3
Q

What is related to the neck of pancreas on its posterior surface?

A

Portal Vein

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4
Q

Name a cephalosporin used for Pseudomonas infections?

Written in FA on Page 189.

A

Ceftazidime

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5
Q

Which generation of Cephalosporins can cross Blood brain barrier? Also name them.

A

3rd Generation.

ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime

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6
Q

A patient of Multiple Sclerosis has what kind of speech?

A

Scanning speech

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7
Q

Name 2 conditions where the patient may have PRESSURED speech?

A

Manic Episode, Cocaine Intoxication

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8
Q

What does it mean when one says the patient had pressured speech?

A

A person with pressured speech is difficult to interrupt.

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9
Q

Involuntary Obscene Speech is found in what neurological disease?

A

Tourrette’s Syndrome

Treated with Benazines, because behanon kay gaaliyan daetay hein

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10
Q

Which drug has a side effect of word finding difficulty?

A

Topiramate

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11
Q

Causes of slurring of speech?

A

Hyperammonemia,
Polymyxin S/E
Lithium Toxicity
Inhalant, Alcohol intoxication

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12
Q

What are the virus characteristics of HSV?

A

Blue background in sketchy- So must be DNA
Two lines on road- Linear and double stranded
Hercules is wearing something so ENVELOPED

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13
Q

What is the first sign of infection with HSV1?

A

Gingivostomatitis

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14
Q

What is seen on slit lamp examination of corneal ulcers caused by HSV1?

A

Serripiginous corneal ulcers under florescent slit lamp examination

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15
Q

What is the neurological manifestation of HSV 1?

A

Temporal lobe encephalitis

feathers on temporal of hercules’ helmet

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16
Q

Vesicles on finger due to HSV are called what? Who are they commonly found in?

A

Herpetic whitlow

Commong in dentists

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17
Q

Where do HSV1 and HSV2 stay dormant?

A

HSV1- Trigerminal nuclei

HSV2- Sacral Ganglia

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18
Q

HSV2 causes what neurological problem?

A

Aseptic meningitis

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19
Q

Name two drugs that have anticholinergic effects/toxicity?

A

Diphenhydramine

TCAs such as Amitriptyline

20
Q

A boy has defect in skull

Bone mineralization, the deposition of what is affected?

A

Boy has rickets/osteomalacia- Where bone mineralization is defective due to low Vitamin D and low Calcium.

Collagen deposition will be hampered because mineralization of osteoid is done when osteoblasts secrete collagen

21
Q

Which tumour is found in the 4th venticle?

A

Ependymoma

22
Q

Absent gag reflex in the stroke of which artery?

A

PICA—-> Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

23
Q

Gag reflex root value?

A

Cranial Nerve 9,10

24
Q

Which two cranial nerve reflexes have the same afferent and efferent?

A

Jaw Jerk-V3

Cough- C10

25
Q

Which drug causes melanosis coli?

A

Senna leaves

26
Q

Location of thymus?

A

Behind sternum, anterior and superior to heart

27
Q

In Which hereditary condition, the person is hypersensitive to damage caused by ionizing radiation?

A

Ataxia telengestasia- ionizing radiation causes cerebellar atrophy

28
Q

Two modes of damage that ionizing radiations cause?

ionization radiation is also the radiation therapy we do in medicine

A

Double-Strand DNA breaks (asked in uworld)

Gives off ROS

29
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Epinephrine used for Anaphylaxis?

A

Epinephrin at high doses is an ALPHA AGONIST.

So, will cause vasoconstriction when given in a patient of anaphylaxis

30
Q

Ragged red fibres on muscle biopsy?

A

Mitochondrial myopathy

31
Q

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy is secondary to failure in _________________.

A

Oxidative Phosphorylation

32
Q

Arterial Blood Supply of duodenum?

A

Upper half by superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
(Branch of Gastroduedonal artery)

Lower half is supplied by inferior pancreaticduodenal artery
(Branch of SMA)

33
Q

Venous drainage of duodenum?

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal vein drains into PORTAL VEIN.

Inferior Pacreaticoduodenal vein drains into mesenteric vein

34
Q

MOA of Doxorubicin?

A 
DNA intercalators
(generate free radicals and intercalate them in DNA——> Breaks in DNA)
35
Q

How can dilated cardiomyopathy caused by anthracyclines be prevented?

A

Daxra-zo-xane

36
Q

Difference between negative sense and positive sense RNA viruses?

A

Positive Sense can be converted into proteins DIRECTLY.
However, Negative Sense RNA need to be transcribed into a Postive Sense RNA first so all Negative Sense RNA need to bring their own RNA polymerases!!!!!
(sketchy)

37
Q

All of the negative Sense RNA are (single/double) stranded except for ___________.

A

Single stranded, except for Rotavirus/Reovirus

38
Q

What are comedones?

A

Keratin deposition blocking hair follicles.

39
Q

Complete mole karyotype?

A

46 XX, 46 XY

40
Q

Which mole stains positive for p57?

A

Partial mole

41
Q

Partial mole karyotypes?

A

69 XXX, 69 XXY, 69 XYY.

2 sperms and 1 egg

42
Q

Mnemonic related to above dentate line?

A

Above dentate line is:
Venous drainage is that of SRV—-> IMV——-> Portal vein.
(Portal vein sey ziaada kareeb hai yeh waal segment, tou yehi drain keray ga)

Lymph drainage is IIN——> Internal iliac nodes.

Insan ka inner kya hai? Simple. So simple columnar epithelium, and visceral pelvic splanchnic nerves.

43
Q

How to remember characteristics of below the dentate line?

mnemonic yaad kero?

A

Below the dentate line is SIN (Because of what homosexuals do)
So, lymph drainge is into Superficial inguinal nodes.

Venous drainage is middle and inferior rectal vein——> IPV—-> IIV—> IVC
(IPV IV lagii)

Baahar sey band is stratified squamous so cancer is also squamous epithelium.

44
Q

Diseases associated with the following location in small intestines:

1) Duodenum
2) Jejenum and Ileum
3) Ileum

A

1) Celiac Diseases
2) Tropical sprue
3) Carcinoid tumour. (even asked in uworld that what is the most common site of carcinoid tumour and the answer was small bowel)

45
Q

3 cell types/conditions that stain positive for S-100?

A

Langerhan cell histiocytosis
(rod shaped/Tennis racket)

Melanoma

Schwannoma

46
Q

Which properties are specific characteristics for gram positive and gram negative?

A

Gram Positive—-> Lipotechoiec Acid.

Gram Negative—> Outer membrane, periplasmic space (for B lactamases)

47
Q

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases are basically Growth factor RECEPTORS. Give examples?

A

ALK, KIT, HER, RET.

Random Learning (20 decks)

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