Random. Okay?

Question 1

Electroconvulsive Therapy is indicated in Neurotic Depression/Delusions Depression?

Answer 1

Delusional Depression
(Severe depression with psychotic features like delusions)

Question 2

Alpha-fetoprotein in blood is seen which conditions?

Answer 2

Mnemonic: TOLD
Testicular Tumour
Obituary i.e. Fetal Death
L- Liver ( Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
D- Defects, Neural Tube Defects

Ataxia Telengectasia

Question 3

What is related to the neck of pancreas on its posterior surface?

Answer 3

Portal Vein

Question 4

Name a cephalosporin used for Pseudomonas infections?

Written in FA on Page 189.

Answer 4

Ceftazidime

Question 5

Which generation of Cephalosporins can cross Blood brain barrier? Also name them.

Answer 5

3rd Generation.

ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime

Question 6

A patient of Multiple Sclerosis has what kind of speech?

Answer 6

Scanning speech

Question 7

Name 2 conditions where the patient may have PRESSURED speech?

Answer 7

Manic Episode, Cocaine Intoxication

Question 8

What does it mean when one says the patient had pressured speech?

Answer 8

A person with pressured speech is difficult to interrupt.

Question 9

Involuntary Obscene Speech is found in what neurological disease?

Answer 9

Tourrette’s Syndrome

Treated with Benazines, because behanon kay gaaliyan daetay hein

Question 10

Which drug has a side effect of word finding difficulty?

Answer 10

Topiramate

Question 11

Causes of slurring of speech?

Answer 11

Hyperammonemia,
Polymyxin S/E
Lithium Toxicity
Inhalant, Alcohol intoxication

Question 12

What are the virus characteristics of HSV?

Answer 12

Blue background in sketchy- So must be DNA
Two lines on road- Linear and double stranded
Hercules is wearing something so ENVELOPED

Question 13

What is the first sign of infection with HSV1?

Answer 13

Gingivostomatitis

Question 14

What is seen on slit lamp examination of corneal ulcers caused by HSV1?

Answer 14

Serripiginous corneal ulcers under florescent slit lamp examination

Question 15

What is the neurological manifestation of HSV 1?

Answer 15

Temporal lobe encephalitis

feathers on temporal of hercules’ helmet

Question 16

Vesicles on finger due to HSV are called what? Who are they commonly found in?

Answer 16

Herpetic whitlow

Commong in dentists

Question 17

Where do HSV1 and HSV2 stay dormant?

Answer 17

HSV1- Trigerminal nuclei

HSV2- Sacral Ganglia

Question 18

HSV2 causes what neurological problem?

Answer 18

Aseptic meningitis

Question 19

Name two drugs that have anticholinergic effects/toxicity?

Answer 19

Diphenhydramine

TCAs such as Amitriptyline

Question 20

A boy has defect in skull

Bone mineralization, the deposition of what is affected?

Answer 20

Boy has rickets/osteomalacia- Where bone mineralization is defective due to low Vitamin D and low Calcium.

Collagen deposition will be hampered because mineralization of osteoid is done when osteoblasts secrete collagen

Question 21

Which tumour is found in the 4th venticle?

Answer 21

Ependymoma

Question 22

Absent gag reflex in the stroke of which artery?

Answer 22

PICA—-> Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Question 23

Gag reflex root value?

Answer 23

Cranial Nerve 9,10

Question 24

Which two cranial nerve reflexes have the same afferent and efferent?

Answer 24

Jaw Jerk-V3

Cough- C10

Question 25

Which drug causes melanosis coli?

Answer 25

Senna leaves

Question 26

Location of thymus?

Answer 26

Behind sternum, anterior and superior to heart

Question 27

In Which hereditary condition, the person is hypersensitive to damage caused by ionizing radiation?

Answer 27

Ataxia telengestasia- ionizing radiation causes cerebellar atrophy

Question 28

Two modes of damage that ionizing radiations cause? | ionization radiation is also the radiation therapy we do in medicine

Answer 28

Double-Strand DNA breaks (asked in uworld) | Gives off ROS

Question 29

What is the mechanism of action of Epinephrine used for Anaphylaxis?

Answer 29

Epinephrin at high doses is an ALPHA AGONIST. | So, will cause vasoconstriction when given in a patient of anaphylaxis

Question 30

Ragged red fibres on muscle biopsy?

Answer 30

Mitochondrial myopathy

Question 31

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy is secondary to failure in _________________.

Answer 31

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 32

Arterial Blood Supply of duodenum?

Answer 32

Upper half by superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (Branch of Gastroduedonal artery) Lower half is supplied by inferior pancreaticduodenal artery (Branch of SMA)

Question 33

Venous drainage of duodenum?

Answer 33

Superior pancreaticoduodenal vein drains into PORTAL VEIN. Inferior Pacreaticoduodenal vein drains into mesenteric vein

Question 34

MOA of Doxorubicin?

Answer 34

``` DNA intercalators (generate free radicals and intercalate them in DNA——> Breaks in DNA) ```

Question 35

How can dilated cardiomyopathy caused by anthracyclines be prevented?

Answer 35

Daxra-zo-xane

Question 36

Difference between negative sense and positive sense RNA viruses?

Answer 36

Positive Sense can be converted into proteins DIRECTLY. However, Negative Sense RNA need to be transcribed into a Postive Sense RNA first so all Negative Sense RNA need to bring their own RNA polymerases!!!!! (sketchy)

Question 37

All of the negative Sense RNA are (single/double) stranded except for ___________.

Answer 37

Single stranded, except for Rotavirus/Reovirus

Question 38

What are comedones?

Answer 38

Keratin deposition blocking hair follicles.

Question 39

Complete mole karyotype?

Answer 39

46 XX, 46 XY

Question 40

Which mole stains positive for p57?

Answer 40

Partial mole

Question 41

Partial mole karyotypes?

Answer 41

69 XXX, 69 XXY, 69 XYY. | 2 sperms and 1 egg

Question 42

Mnemonic related to above dentate line?

Answer 42

Above dentate line is: Venous drainage is that of SRV—-> IMV——-> Portal vein. (Portal vein sey ziaada kareeb hai yeh waal segment, tou yehi drain keray ga) Lymph drainage is IIN——> Internal iliac nodes. Insan ka inner kya hai? Simple. So simple columnar epithelium, and visceral pelvic splanchnic nerves.

Question 43

How to remember characteristics of below the dentate line? | mnemonic yaad kero?

Answer 43

Below the dentate line is SIN (Because of what homosexuals do) So, lymph drainge is into Superficial inguinal nodes. Venous drainage is middle and inferior rectal vein——> IPV—-> IIV—> IVC (IPV IV lagii) Baahar sey band is stratified squamous so cancer is also squamous epithelium.

Question 44

Diseases associated with the following location in small intestines: 1) Duodenum 2) Jejenum and Ileum 3) Ileum

Answer 44

1) Celiac Diseases 2) Tropical sprue 3) Carcinoid tumour. (even asked in uworld that what is the most common site of carcinoid tumour and the answer was small bowel)

Question 45

3 cell types/conditions that stain positive for S-100?

Answer 45

Langerhan cell histiocytosis (rod shaped/Tennis racket) Melanoma Schwannoma

Question 46

Which properties are specific characteristics for gram positive and gram negative?

Answer 46

Gram Positive----> Lipotechoiec Acid. | Gram Negative---> Outer membrane, periplasmic space (for B lactamases)

Question 47

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases are basically Growth factor RECEPTORS. Give examples?

Answer 47

ALK, KIT, HER, RET.