random 2

Question 1

what are the three parts of the deltoid muscle

Answer 1

posterior middle (acromial) and anterior (clavicular)

Question 2

what do the posterior deltoid muscles do

Answer 2

extension at shoulder

Question 3

what do middle deltoid muscles do

Answer 3

ABduction at shoulder (taking over from supraspinatus)

Question 4

what do anterior deltoid muscles do

Answer 4

mainly flexion at the shoulder

Question 5

what are the three parts of the trapezius muscles

Answer 5

ascending, middle and descending parts of trapezius

Question 6

what do ascending trapezius muscles do

Answer 6

scapular depression

Question 7

middle trapezius function

Answer 7

scapula retraction

Question 8

descending trapezius muscles

Answer 8

elevation of scapula

Question 9

what do ascending and descending parts of the trapezius do

Answer 9

contract together to produce superior rotation of glenoid fossa

Question 10

what does the levator scapulae do

Answer 10

elevation of the scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa

Question 11

what are the trapezius msucles innervated by

Answer 11

spinal accessory nerve

Question 12

what do rhomboids do

Answer 12

retraction of scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa

Question 13

what does teres major do

Answer 13

ADDuction and medial/internal rotation at shoulder

Question 14

where is the most common part to fracture in the clavicle

Answer 14

between medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3

Question 15

what is the appearance in a typical clavicle fracture and why

Answer 15

lateral end is displaced inferiorly by the weight of the arm and medially by pectorialis major
medial end is displaced superiorly by the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 16

what does the pectoral girdle allow

Answer 16

articulation of the upper limb with the appendicular skeleton via glenohumeral, acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints

Question 17

what helps to strengthen the shoulder joints

Answer 17

distal tendon attachments of the rotator cuff muscles

Question 18

where does the buccinators lie in relation to the masseter

Answer 18

the buccinators lie deep to the masseter

Question 19

what are the types of polymorph cells

Answer 19

polymorphs are an abbreviation of polymorophonuclear leukocytes or PMNs which are a family of white blood cells, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils

Question 20

what type of cells are lymphocytes

Answer 20

white blood cells that include natural killer cells which function in cell mediated cytotoxic immunity, NK cells, B cells and T cells

Question 21

what ype of shunting causes cyanosis

Answer 21

right to left as this means that it is by passing the lungs so it isn’t becoming oxygenated and hence cyanosis

Question 22

is VSD cyanotic

Answer 22

no VSD is acyanotic

Question 23

which murmurs are cyanotic

Answer 23

5Ts
Truncus arteriosus 
Transposition of the great vessles 
Tricuspid atresia 
Tetralogy of fallot 
TAPVC

Question 24

what are the features of tetralogy of fallot

Answer 24

VSD
pulmonary stenosis
an overriding aorta
right ventricular hypertrophy