dermatology Flashcards
mutations in what are associated with BCC development
PTCHI
melanoma associated with a defect in what pathway
Ras/Raf/MAPK signalling pathway
familial melanoma associated with what genes
CDKN2A and CDK4
what do IBD have an increased risk of
UC has a 23% increased risk of malignant melanoma
Crohs disease has a 80% increased risk of malignant melanoma
what do organ transplant patients have an increased risk of
increased risk of skin cancer in particular SCC
what does UVB cause
Direct DNA damage
how is UVB repaired
repaired by nucleotide excision repair
how is UVA repaired
base excision repair
what do lympatics do
immune surveillance
what do Meissners corpuscles do
vibration sensation
what do Pancinian corpuscles do
pressure sensation
what do sebaceous glands do
maintain skin barrier
indolent boils which rapidly expand, break down and leave large, ulcerated painful areas
pyoderma gangrenosum
treatement of pyoderma gangrenosum
systemic steroids at a moderately high dose eg 60mg which are gradually reduced as the lesions heal
non adherent dressings will encourage wound healing
lupus pernio is a cutaneous feature of what disease
sarcoidosis
blue-red nodular lesions which may present of the nose hands and feet
lupus pernio-feature of sarcoidosis
tuberous sclerosis inheritance pattern
autosomal dominant
hyperkeratotic, ulcerated, expanding nodules with everted edge
squamous cell carcinoma
slow growin, initially present as reddish coloured, domed, pearly nodules with translucent surface and visible dilated surface capillaries
basal cell carcinoma
how does a rolled edge form in a BCC
as the lesion expands, central areas tend to ulcerate leaving a rolled edge
punched out appearance, well demarcated ulcer occurring at pressure points of the foot, coupled with history of pain and PVD
surrounding skin shiny, erythematous and hairless
arterial ulcer
most common type of cutaneous lymphoma
originates from T lymphocytes, most common is mycosis fungoides which may present as pruritic cutaneous plaques that look like psoriasis
what virus causes molluscum contagiosum
pox virus
what is a nodule
mass or lump>0.5cm in diameter
what is erythema multiforme
an erythematous blister disorder characterised by annular, target lesions which may develop into frank blisters
severe form of erythema multiforme is stevens johnsons syndrome
what drugs can cause erythema mutliforme
penicillins. sulphonamides, co-tromazole and salicyclates
what type of molecules are glucocorticoids
lipophilic molecules
what are ointments better for
v dry or hyperkeratotic areas
Langerhans cells have what origin
mesenchymal origin
what are some acquired diseases of the DEJ
pemphigus, pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis
basal cell papilloma has what other name
seborrheic keratosis
where are Langerhans cells found
in the prickle cell layer
where are merkel cells found
between keratinocytes and nerve fibres
epidermis arises from what embryologically
ectoderm
dermis arises from what embryologically
mesoderm
lamellar bodies are also called what
odland bodies
where are odland bodies/lamellar bodies found
in the granular layer
skin type is classified by what
Fitzpatrick classification
what is myositis osificans
heterotropic ossification (bone forming outside the normal skeleton)
