GI Flashcards
features of campylobacter
most common cause of food poisoning
gram -ve bacillus
causes inflammation of colon and rectum-bloody diarrhoea, can invade into the bloodstream
abdo pain, diarrhoea +/- blood
usually self limiting but give erythromycin or ciprofloxacin for 5 days
features of salmonella
enterica=all bacteria other than typhoid salmonella that cause food poisoning
causes inflammation of ileum and colon, multiply in gut and cause mucosal damage, decreased fluid absorption and increased fluid excretion
where do you get salmonella from
undercooked poultry esp chicken
what do you get shigella from
outbreak every few years
human only infection
spread person to person especially among young children in schools, nurseries and fomites
can shigella invade the bloodstream
no it invades intestinal mucosa causing severe inflammation but doesn’t invade further
what is verotoxin and why is it bad
binds to receptors found on renal cells, red blood cells and others which inhibits protein synthesis, causes cell death
where is e coli found
in the normal gut flora
what treatment do you give for e coli
supportive DONT GIVE ANTIBIOTICS AS THIS MAY INCREASE RELEASE OF TOXIN
when do you check bloods for those with e coli and why
1 week after symptoms for HUS-haemolytic uraeic syndrome
where does typhoid infection invade
gut lumen-lymphatic system-bloodstream-reticuloendothelial system-gallbladder and invades peyers patches
do you need antibioitcs for typhoid
YES
watch as ciprofloxacin resistance levels can be v high
what factor of vibrio cholera causes problems
it produces an exotoxin that causes an outpouring of fluid from cells of small intestine resulting in severe watery diarrhoea
do you give antibiotics in cholera
no
electrolyte replenishing and supportive treatment
what type of toxin does staph aureus produce
enterotoxin
which nerve does enterotoxin work on
vagus nerve and vomiting centre which causes vomiting within 1-2 hours
