Raised ICP

Question 1

Normal physiological ICP of adults

Answer 1

15 mmHg or less

Question 2

ICP of what indicates pathological intracranial HTN

Answer 2

20 mmHg or more

Question 3

Nonspecific symptoms of increased ICP

Answer 3

Impaired consciousness
HA
Vomiting

Question 4

Specific symptoms of increased ICP

Answer 4

Cushing’s triad
-Increased systolic BP
-Decreased pulse
-Decreased respiration

Question 5

Cushing’s triad

Answer 5

Increased systolic BP
Decreased pulse
Decreased respiration

Question 6

Increased ICP causes axoplasmic stasis in the optic nerve head

Answer 6

Papilledema

Question 7

Abnormal enlargement of cerebral ventricles and/or subarachnoid space as a result of excess CSF accumulation

Answer 7

Hydrocephalus

Question 8

Clinical features of normal pressure hydrocephalus

Answer 8

Urinary incontinence
Dementia
Gait instability

Question 9

Cingulate gyrus of one hemisphere is compressed and herniates under the falx cerebri

Answer 9

Subfalcine or cingulate herniation

Question 10

Herniation that compresses the pericallosal arteries and obstructs the foramen of Monro.

Answer 10

Cingulate herniation

Question 11

Complications of cingulate herniation

Answer 11

Ischemic strokes in ACA area
Hydrocephalus

Question 12

Medial temporal lobe herniates at the free margin of the tentorium

Answer 12

Uncal herniation

Question 13

Herniation that compresses the oculomotor nerve, PCA, and cerebral peduncle in midbrain

Answer 13

Uncal herniation

Question 14

Herniation associated with brain stem hemorrhages to due rupture of paramedian branches of basilar A

Answer 14

Uncal herniation

Question 15

Pt presents with ipsilateral blown pupil and ptosis, contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing, and contralateral hemiparesis. MRI shows herniation.

Answer 15

Uncal herniation

Question 16

Systemic downward movement of the thalamic structures through the tentorial opening with compression of the upper midbrain.

Answer 16

Central transtentorial herniation

Question 17

Presents with rostral to caudal progression of oculomotor palsy, diminished level of consciousness, rigidity, and abnormal respiration that can lead to death.

Answer 17

Central transtentorial herniation

Question 18

Most common signs of tonsillar herniation

Answer 18

Nausea and vomiting
Neck stiffness

Question 19

Chronically elevated ICP in absence of ventricular enlargement or mass lesion with a normal CSF analysis

Answer 19

Pseudotumor cerebri

Question 20

Mismatch between production and resorption of CSF due to an unknown cause causing an increased ICP

Answer 20

Idiopathic intracranial HTN

Question 21

Pt presents with HA that is worse with lying down and coughing, photopsia, double vision, transient vision loss, retrobulbar pain, and pulsatile tinnitus

Answer 21

Idiopathic intracranial HTN

Question 22

Sixth nerve palsy has what presentation

Answer 22

Double vision

Question 23

Cerebral atrophy with compensatory enlargement of CSF spaces

Answer 23

Hydrocephalus ex vacuo