Meningitis Flashcards
Classic triad of symptoms in meningitis
Fever
HA
Neck stiffness
Pathogens associated with community acquired meningitis
Strep pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Listeria monocytogenes
Haemophilus influenzae
Pathogens associated with hospital acquired meningitis
S aureus
S epidermidis
Pseudomonas
E. coli
Enterococcus faecalis
Haemophilus influenzae
Common causes of bacterial meningitis in neonates
E coli
GBS - strep agalactiae
Listeria monocytogenes
Enteroviruses
CSF shows lymphocytes, normal glucose, and moderately high protein. It is clear.
Viral meningitis
Bacteria that can cause chronic meningitis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Fungus that can cause chronic meningitis
Cryptococcus neoformans
Causal organisms of eosinophilic meningitis
Parasite larva
Angiostrongylus contonensis
Baylisascaris procyonis
Causal organisms of nosocomial meningitis
S aureus
S epidermidis
Enterococcus fecalis
Gram negative diplococci with capsule and pili that produces LOS endotoxin
Neisseria meningitidis
Likely pathogen in meningitis with petechia/purpura
Neisseria meningitidis
Complications of Neisseria meningitidis
DIC/septic shock
Adrenal necrosis
Endotoxic shock
Waterhouse Friedrichsen syndrome
Adrenal necrosis
Treatment for Neisseria meningitidis
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Penicillin
Meropenem
Chloramphenicol –> if allergy to beta-lactam
Chemoprophylaxis for Neisseria meningitidis
Rifampin and cipro
Gram negative polymorphic bacteria with cocci, bacilli, and coccobacilli
Haemophilus influenzae B
Bacteria with Hib capsule and PRP that produces LOS endotoxin
Haemophilus influenzae B
Haemophilus influenzae B is seen most often in what age groups
Infants
Elderly
Gram positive capsule with teichoic and lipoteichoic acids, and pneumolysin
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Alpha hemolysis and optochin sensitive on blood agar with latex agglutination
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Meningitis pathogen associated with recurrent otitis media
Strep pneumoniae
Treatment for strep pneumoniae meningitis
Third gen cephalosporins
Penicillin
Fluoroquinolones
Vancomycin
Gram positive, short bacilli with actin tails
Listeria monocytogenes
Exotoxin produced by Listeria monocytogenes
Listeriolysin O
Beta hemolysis on blood agar and tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
Treatment of Listeria monocytogenes
Synergic cell wall acting abx with an aminoglycoside
Gram negative rod with K capsule virulence and pink colonies on lactose colonies
E coli
Gram positive cocci in chains with beta hemolysis on blood agar and is catalase negative
GBS
Treatment for GBS meningitis in neonates
Ampicillin plus aminoglycoside
Erythromycin
Complication of in utero transmission of listeria monocytogenes
Amnionitis and fetal death
Ascending/ruptured membranes, granulomatosis infantisepticum, sepsis, and meningitis is associated with what
Early onset listeria monocytogenes in neonates
Gram positive coccobacilli, tumbling motility, cold growth, catalase positive, and weakly beta hemolytic on blood agar
Listeria monocytegenes
Enteroviruses associated with neonatal meningitis
HSV II
VZV
CMV
Non-enveloped, positive sense, ssRNA enteroviruses associated with meningitis
Coxsackie
ECHO
Polio/Picornaviridae
Rodent borne virus that can cause meningitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Pathogen that can cause meningitis that stain pink with mucicarmine, has latex agglutination, and its capsule is visualized on India ink
Cryptococcus neoformans
Pathogen that can cause meningitis that is spread via inhalation of contaminated pigeon droppings
Cryptococcus neoformans