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Neuro II > Drugs for neurodegenerative disorders > Flashcards

Drugs for neurodegenerative disorders Flashcards

1
Q

CV side effects of levodopa

A

Cardiac arrhythmias
Postural hypotension

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2
Q

Drug interactions of levodopa

A

Pyridoxine/Vit B6

MAO-A inhibitors

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3
Q

Contraindications of levodopa

A

Psychotic pts
Angle-closure glaucoma

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4
Q

Effective drug class choice in on-off phenomenon from levodopa

A

Dopaminergic agonists

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5
Q

Dopaminergic agonists that act on D2 receptors only

A

Bromocriptine
Ropinirole

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6
Q

Dopaminergic agonists that act on D3 receptors

A

Pramipexole
Rotigotine

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7
Q

Dopaminergic agonist that acts on both D1 and D2 receptors

A

Pergolide

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8
Q

GI side effect of dopaminergic agents

A

Anorexia
N/V
Reflux esophagitis
Bleeding from peptic ulcer

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9
Q

CV side effects of dopaminergic agents

A

Postural hypotension
Painless digital vasospasm
Peripheral edema

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10
Q

Types of MAO-B inhibitors used to treat Parkinson’s

A

Selegiline
Rasagiline

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11
Q

Adjuvant therapy for pts with a declining or fluctuating response to levodopa that enhances or prolongs the effect to levodopa

A

MAO-B inhibitor

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12
Q

Drug interaction of MAO-B inhibitors

A

May cause serotonin syndrome if taken with meperidine

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13
Q

COMT inhibitor that acts peripherally

A

Entacapone

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14
Q

COMT inhibitor that acts centrally

A

Tolcapone

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15
Q

Drug class that acts by diminishing the metabolism of levodopa, thereby increasing its availability

A

COMT inhibitors

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16
Q

Specific side effect to monitor with tolcapone

A

Increase in LFTs, rarely associated with acute hepatic failure

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17
Q

Potent D2 dopamine agonist

A

Apomorphine

18
Q

Drug used for the temporary relief of off-periods of akinesia in pts on dopaminergic therapy

A

Apomorphine

19
Q

Specific side effect of apomorphine

A

Troublesome nausea, especially at initiation

20
Q

Antiviral agent that may potentiate dopaminergic function

A

Amantadine

21
Q

Skin side effect of amantadine

A

Livedo reticularis

22
Q

Central anticholinergics used in Parkinson’s

A

Trihexyphenidyl
Procyclidine
Biperiden

23
Q

Drug classes that improves the tremor and rigidity of parkinsonism, but has little effect on bradykinesia

A

Central anticholinergics
Antimuscarinic agent (benztropine)

24
Q

Drug that acts as antagonist at M receptors in basal ganglia

A

Benztropine

25
Q

Typical antimuscarinic effects

A

Sedation
Mydriasis
Urinary retention
Constipation
Confusion
Dry mouth

26
Q

Agents that can cause drug-induced parkinsonism

A

Reserpine
Tetrabenazine
Haloperidol
Metoclopramide
MPTP

27
Q

Treatment options for non-parkinson movement disroders

A

Beta blockers
Drugs potentiating GABA-a receptors in CNS

28
Q

Drugs that potentiate GABA-a receptors in CNS

A

Topiramate
Primidone
Benzodiazepines

29
Q

Drugs that act by depleting dopamine from nerve endings, used in Huntington’s disease

A

Tetrabenazine
Deutetrabenazine
Reserpine

30
Q

Drugs that act as dopamine receptor blockers, used in Huntington’s disease

A

Haloperidol
Fluphenazine

31
Q

Drugs that block central D2 receptors, used in tic disorders

A

Pimozide
Haloperidol
Fluphenazine

32
Q

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists used in Tourettes and ADHD

A

Guanfacine
Clonidine

33
Q

Drug class/type used in restless leg syndrome

A

Dopamine agonists
Gabapentin

34
Q

Drug classes used in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
NMDA receptor antagonist
Inhibitors of microtubule disassembly

35
Q

Types of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, used in Alzheimer’s

A

Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine
Tacrine

36
Q

NMDA receptor antagonist

A

Memantine

37
Q

Mechanism of memantine

A

Decreases IC Ca accumulation, aiding in prevention of excitotoxic neuronal damage

Inhibits glutamate excitotoxicity that damages neurons

38
Q

Inhibitor of microtubule disassembly in Alzheimer’s

A

Epothilone-D

39
Q

Drug used for ALS

A

Riluzole

40
Q

Mechanism of riluzole

A

reduces presynaptic glutamate release

Neuro II (21 decks)

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