Raised ICP

Question 1

role of CSF?

Answer 1

1. provides suitable chemical environment for NEURONAL SIGNALLING (balance of ions help to facilitate ap)
2. Physical protection, shock absorbing medium (prevents brain + spinal cord bouncing of bony surfaces such as cranial cavity and vertebral canal)
3. Allows exchange of nutrients between blood and nerve tissue

Question 2

what does CSF contain?

Answer 2

-glucose
-lactic acid
-proteins
-urea
-sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chlorine, bicarbonate (to facilitate AP)
-lymphocytes (for further protection against pathogens)

Question 3

healthy volume of CSF in adults?

Answer 3

80- 150ml

Question 4

how many and what are the ventricles in the brain?

Answer 4

4 ventricles:
2 x Lateral (one in each hemisphere)
3rd Ventricle
4th Ventricle

Question 5

where is CSF found?

Answer 5

in each of the ventricles in the brain

4 ventricles:
2x lateral
3rd ventricle
4th ventricle

Question 6

what secretes CSF?

Answer 6

Ependymal cells in choroid plexus

-choroid plexus found in each ventricle (2x lateral, 3rd and 4th)

Question 7

what can the choroid plexus be split into?

Answer 7

2 components:
-highly vascularised invagination of pia mater
-covering/ plexus of choroid epithelium (secretes CSF)

Question 8

route of CSF when produced to secreted into venous system

Answer 8

1. Ependymal cells in Choroid Plexus produce CSF in Lateral Ventricle

-CSF travels through inter ventricular foramen (foramen of Munro)

2. 3rd Ventricle

-CSF travels through Cerebral Aqueduct (Aquiduct of Sylvus)

3. 4th Ventricle

-CSF travels through Foramina Lushka (2x of these) and Foramina Magendie (1x of these)

4.Subarachnoid space

-CSF absrobed through arachnoid granulations, through the Superior Saggital Sinus and enters venous system

Question 9

What is meant by the brain being vasoelastic?

Answer 9

it behaves like a solid + liquid