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Radiology > Radiology module 12 > Flashcards

Radiology module 12 Flashcards

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0
Q

The film first enters the —

A

Developer

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1
Q

What are the two purposes of film processing

A

To produce the latent image to be seen (develop)

To preserve the image so it doesn’t disappear (fix)

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2
Q

The developer reduces the —- halide crystals into —- — — and creates the — areas of the radiograph

A

Energized
Black metallic silver
Dark/Lucent

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3
Q

With manual developing: After the film goes through the developer the film goes?

A

To be rinsed

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4
Q

After the first rinsing the film goes to the — which removes the — crystals and creates the — areas on the film

A

Fixer
Unexposed
White/opaque

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5
Q

After the fixing process the films are – then —

A

Washed

Dried

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6
Q

The films are rinsed after the developer stage so as to?

A

Preserve acidity of fixer solution

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7
Q

After the processing process films are now called —

A

Radiographs

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8
Q

The black areas on the film are from —- tissues allowing x-rays to penetrate —–

A

Softer

More

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9
Q

The opaque/ lighter areas are made from—- allowing x-rays to penetrate —-

A 
Denser tissues (Bone, enamel)
Less
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10
Q

The purpose of the developer solutions reducing/developing agent?

A

Reduce exposed (bromide) crystals to black metallic silver

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11
Q

What is the purpose of the preservative of the developer solution?

A

thesis down the oxidizing rate of the developing agents

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the alkalizer/activator of the developer?

A

soften the gelatin so the developing agents can reach the crystals.

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the restrainer of the developer?

A

“Restrains” the activity of the developing agent and helps prevent film fog

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the fixing/clearing agent of the fixer?

A

To remove “clear” all unexposed silver (bromide) crystals

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the preservative in the fixer?

A

Prevent the decomposition of the clearing agent

16
Q

What is the purpose of the hardener in the fixer?

A

To re-harden and shrink the emulsion

17
Q

What is the purpose of the acidizer in the fixer?

By what means does it achieve this?

A

stop further developing!

Neutralizing the alkali of the developer

18
Q

If we do not rinse after developing the film may come out?

A

Black due to overdevelopment

19
Q

If we don’t rinse after fixing the film may?

A

Turn out light or not have an image at all

20
Q

If you leave your films in water for a long time what happens?

A

Removes your image

21
Q

The colder the temperature of solutions the — the developing time!

A

Longer

22
Q

80 degree solutions takes — min in the developer

60 degree solutions takes — min in the developer

A

3

9

23
Q

The ideal temperature and time are?

A

68 degrees for 5min

24
Q

What is a “wet read”

A

Where you only put film in fixer for 3-4min then take them out to read them!

25
Q

If you don’t return “wet read” films to the fixer what will happen?

A

Turn brown

26
Q

Factors that can affect solution life

A

Oxidation (air exposure)
Evaporation
Every day use
Chemical contamination

27
Q

How often should you change/clean tanks of system?

A

2-3 weeks

28
Q

You should verify the volume of the solutions how often?

A

Daily

29
Q

How do you dispose of Fixer solution

A

Recovered by regulatory agency

30
Q

How do you dispose of the lead foils in the film?

A

Keep in seperate container and they are picked up by regulatory agency

31
Q

Film fog can be caused by what processing errors?

A 
Imbalance of processing solutions 
(chemical fog)
Light leaks (safe lights)
Scatter radiation (bad storage of film) 
Stored in too warm/ humid place 
Aging (past date of use)
32
Q

If the film comes out blank what could have happened?

A

Put in fixer first
Left in water too long
No exposure

33
Q

The developer has what PH

A

Alkaline

34
Q

The purpose of the first rinsing is to?

A

To remove alkaline developer solution

Preserve acidity of fixer solution

35
Q

Light film or underdeveloped film can be cause by?

A

Too cold of developer
Too low kvp
Film under exposed (low impulses)

36
Q

Overdeveloped or dark films can be caused by?

A

Developer being too warm
Film being overexposed (too high of impulses)
Too high kvp

Radiology (24 decks)

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