Module 16 Flashcards
What are the structures involved in the periodontium
Gingiva
PDL
Cementum
Alveolar Bone
In health the Crest of Alveolar Bone (alveolar crest) is __ to ___mm apical to the CEJ
1.5
2.0
(book answer)
In health, the width of the PDL is ____mm
0.5
Is the alveolar crest less or more radiopaque in the posterior region compared to the anterior region
less
With periodontal disease, the gingiva exhibit?
varying degrees of inflammation
The gingiva may appear __, ____, and ___ during periodontal disease
swollen
red
bleeding
During periodontal disease, the alveolar crest appears ___, and _____ is seen
indistinct
bone loss
Clinical information provides information about ___ while dental images permit evaluation of ______
soft tissues (gingiva) bone
A thorough clinical assessment must include ______
periodontal probing
Dental images provide an overview of the amount of bone _____ and indicate the __, ___, and ____ resulting from periodontal disease
present
pattern
distribution
severity of loss
What type of image, and what imaging technique are recommended to evaluate extent of periodontal disease
Periapical image
Paralleling technique
The bisecting technique can cause a ____ of bone levels due to vertical angulation problems
dimensional distortion
Horizontal BWX shouldn’t be used along to document ____ to ____ periodontal disease
moderate
severe
The vertical BWX is best used for ___ and __ purposes
post-tx
follow up
Furcation involvement may not be detected on a dental image because of?
superimposition of buccal and lingual bone
Bone loss is often ___ advanced than is visible on films
more
The amount of bone loss can be estimated as the difference between the ____ and __
physiologic bone level
height of remaining bone
Bone loss is described in terms of the _____, _____, and _____ of loss
pattern
distribution
severity
The pattern of bone loss can be described as ___ or _____
horizontal
vertical
What is used as a reference in determining the pattern of bone loss
CEJ of adjacent teeth
Horizontal bone loss occurs in a plane __ to the CEJ’s
parallel
Vertical bone loss is also called?
Angular bone loss
The distribution of bone loss is described as __ or ____
localized
generalized
localized bone loss occurs in ____ areas and is less than ______% of the sites involved
isolated
30%
Generalized bone loss occurs ____ with ____ than 30% of the sites involved
evenly throughout arches
more
Severity of bone loss is described as _, ___, or _____
slight
moderate
severe
The severity of bone loss is measured by the ______
CAL clinical attachment loss
The CAL is measured with a _____ and is the measurement of the distance from the __ to the ___
Probe
CEJ
base of sulcus/perio pocket
Slight bone loss =
Moderate bone loss =
Severe bone loss =
1-2 mm
3-4mm
5mm or more
Horizontal bone loss is associated with ___ pockets
supra-boney
Vertical bone loss is associated with ___ pockets
infra-boney
If you see furcation involvement on an x-ray but can’t PROBE the furcation you should start thinking about?
possibility of an endodontic lesion
What is a phenomenon seen in early periodontal disease where the PDL space widens at the crest of the interproximal septum.
Triangulation
Class I periodontal disease is called?
Gingivitis
Class II periodontal disease is called?
mild/slight periodontitis
Class III periodontal disease is called?
moderate periodontitis
Class IV periodontal disease is called?
severe/advanced periodontitis
Class I perio:
There is _____ bone loss?
The crestal lamina dura is ____, and has a measurement of ____ to _____mm apical to the CEJ?
No
Intact
1-2mm
Clinically: Class I perio
___ may or may not be present, and only ___is affected
bleeding
gingival tissues
Class II perio:
There is ____ bone loss with ____ crestal changes. The crestal lamina dura appears_____?
There is less than _____% bone loss, with a measurement of _____ to ____mm apical to the CEJ
Horizontal
mild
unclear and fuzzy
(incipient loss)
Clinically: Class II perio
_____ may occur during probing. There are ___ from attachment loss as well as localized areas of ___
bleeding
pocket depths
areas of recession
Class III perio:
There is ___ to ___% bone loss in a _____pattern and ____ distribution?
The alveolar crest measurement is ____ to _____mm apical to the CEJ?
You may also see _____ involvement?
30-50% Horizontal/vertical (localized/generalized) 4-6mm furcation
Clinically: Class III
pocket depths and attachment loss up to _____mm. __, ____ and __ may also be present
6
recession
furcation
slight mobility
Class IV periodontal disease:
There is greater than __% bone loss with a ___ pattern? The alveolar crest measurement is ___mm apical to the CEJ?
You get more _____ involvement?
50
horizontal/vertical
6+
furcation
Clinically: Class IV
pocket depths and attachment loss is greater than _____mm?
_____ involvement and ___ are more severe
6
furcation
mobility
Effects of certain ____, ____ used, and various medical conditions are all risk factors to periodontal disease
medications
tobacco
An irregular border of alveolar crest may indicate___ ,____ ___ bone loss
faster
more active
