Module 17 Flashcards
Trauma may affect _____, ______, and ____
crowns
roots
alveolar bone
Whenever a fracture is evident what is necessary?
radiographs
What teeth are most often involved in fractures of the crown?
anterior teeth
Most crown fractures occur due to?
motor vehicle accidents
falls
Root fractures are ____ common than crown fractures?
less
Root fractures occur most often in what region?
MX central incisor
If an x-ray beam is parallel with the plane of the fracture it will appear as a _____
If the beam is NOT parallel to the fracture plane then it will appear as a _____
thin radiolucent line
nothing
Fractures of the ___ occur more often than do fractures of any other bone of the face.
mandible
What x-ray type is best to evaluate mandible fractures
panoramic
What are the two types of teeth displacement
luxation
avulsion
Luxation is defined as?
abnormal displacement of teeth
Luxation can be either ______ or ______
intrusion
extrusion
Avulsion is defined as?
complete displacement of a tooth from alveolar bone
What are the two types of resorption associated with teeth
Physiologic
Pathologic
Physiologic Resorption is defined as?
normal shedding of primary teeth
Pathologic Resorption is a ___ alteration of tooth structure observed when a tooth is subjected to _______
regressive
abnormal stimuli
Resorption of teeth can be described as __ or ___ depending on the location of the process
external
internal
External resorption is seen along the ___ of the ___ surface, mainly affecting the _____ of teeth making them appear _____
periphery
root
apices
blunted
Both the ____ and _____ around the blunted apex appear normal
lamina dura
bone
External resorption is not associated with _____ and not detected ____. They also do not exhibit ______ and there is currently no ______
signs/symptoms
clinically
mobility
effective tx.
Internal resorption occurs ____ of a tooth and involves the ___, ___, and ___
within the crown/root
pulp chamber, canals, and dentin
What factors are believed to precipitate internal resorption
pulp caps
pulp polyps
trauma
Internal resorption appears as ______ on x-rays
round/ovoid radiolucency
Internal resorption is generally _____ tx and is ___
asymptomatic
variable
When the dying pulp releases its products the reaction they elicit depends upon their ____ ,the amount of _____, and the _____ of the host
nature
infection
resistance
1st stage of pulpitis: edema of the ______ which causes the pt. _____
PDL
pain
In the 1st stages of pulpitis the edema of the PDL ___ be seen radiographically
can’t
2nd stage of pulpitis: the PDL will appear _____ to “______” at the apex
radiographically
thicken
3rd stage of pulpitis: the __ will expand or be destroyed due to continued increase of pressure from PDL
lamina dura
____ lesions make the lamina dura expand while ___ lesions make it become destroyed
chronic
acute
4th stage of pulpitis: The bone surrounding the tooth will begin to be ___, causing a ___ lesion at the apex known as a _____
destroyed
radiolucent
periapical abscess
Radiographically, the abscess, granuloma and cyst will appear?
the same
What is the term given to the radiolucent lesion when it first appears?
Periapical Abscess
In order to make a differential diagnosis between an abscess, granuloma, or a cyst what needs to be done?
biopsy
What is the most common sequela of pulpitis?
Granuloma
A granuloma is a localized mass of __ inflamed granulation tissue at the apex of a ___ tooth
chronically
nonvital
A granuloma is typically ______ but has a previous history of prolonged _______
asymptomatic
sensitivity (hot/cold)
A granuloma is initially seen as a __ on a radiograph
widened PDL
The ____ is not visible between the root apex and the apical lesion of a granuloma
lamina dura
When the lesion is _____ and not treated at the granuloma stage it may degenerate and develop into a cyst
chronic
periapical cysts comprise __ to _% of all cysts in the oral region
50-70
A periapical abscess is a localized collection of ____ and may be __ or ___
pus
acute
chronic
A _____ periapical abscess is painful and the tooth is _ and sensitive to __, ___, and __
painful
nonvital
pressure, percussion, heat
Chronic periapical abscesses are ____ because the pus drains out. Also, you can clinically see a ____ in the apical region
asymptomatic
boil
A periodontal abscess results from ___ within the walls of perio tissues and results from a pre-existing ______ condition
bacterial infection
periodontal
If a lesion is > _____cm in diameter it is more likely a cyst not a granuloma
1.5
Periapical lesions are seen in the apex of the tooth and involve the ____, _____ and ___
PDL
lamina dura
alveolar bone
Periapical Radiopacities _____ be diagnosed on x-rays
can
What is the most common radiopacity found in adults
condensing osteitis
Condensing osteitis occurs with a _, low ___ lesion and deposition of _____ around/below roots/apex.
chronic
toxicity
bone
Condensing Osteitis deals with __ teeth with a history of long standing _____ or typically have a large __ or ___
non-vital
pulpitis
cavity
restoration
The condensing osteitis will appear ____ the PDL space
outside
Sclerotic bone is also known as ____
osteosclerosis
Sclerotic bone lesions deal with ____, _____ teeth.
vital
non-carious
What type of radiopaque lesion is found inside the PDL/lamina dura
Hypercementosis
What radiopaque lesion is not actually attached/related to the tooth?
Sclerotic bone lesion
Hypercementosis is defined as?
excessive cementum deposition
The apical region of a hypercementosis lesion appears?
bulbous/clubbed
Teeth affected by hypercementosis are _ and ___ tx.
vital
do not require
