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000 Radiobiology > Radiation Quatities > Flashcards

Radiation Quatities Flashcards

1
Q

Reddening of the skin caused by overexposure to radiation

A

Radiodermatitis

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2
Q

Unit for measuring radiation exposure (1900-1930)

A

Skin Erythema Dose

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3
Q

Quantity of radiation that causes diffuse redness over an area of skin

A

Skin Erythema Dose

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4
Q

Amount of absorbed radiation corresponds to a modern dose of several dose

A

Skin erythema dose

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5
Q

Dose of radiation below which an individual has a negligible chance of sustaining specific biological damage

A

Threshold dose

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6
Q

A radiation dose to which occupationally exposed persons could be continuously subjected without any harmful acute effects

A

Tolerance Dose (1930)

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7
Q

Tolerance dose required per day

A

0.2 roentgen/day

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8
Q

In 1936, Tolerance dose required per day

A

0.1 roentgen/day

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9
Q

Replaced the tolerance dose for radiation purposes

A

Maximum permissible dose

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10
Q

Indicate the largest dose of ionising radiation that occupationally exposed person was permitted that was not anticipated to result in major adverse effects as a consequence of radiation exposure

A

Maximum permissible dose

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11
Q

Unit for Maximum permissible dose

A

rem

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12
Q

Express how much Ionization the beam causes in the air through which it travels

A

Exposure (X)

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13
Q

Unit of exposure

A

roentgen (R)

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14
Q

The SI unit of radiation exposure

A

Coulomb per kilogram (C kg-1)

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15
Q

Produces 2.08 x 10^9 ion per cm^3 of air at standard temperature and pressure (STP)

A

1 roentgen

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16
Q

1 cm^3 of air at STP has a mass of

A

0.001293g

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17
Q

STP:

A 
1 atmosphere of pressure
0 C (273.15 Kelvin)
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18
Q

Amount of exposure that will produce 2.58 x 10^-4 C per kg of air

A

Roentgen

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19
Q

Unit of electrical charge

A

coulomb

20
Q

One coulomb of charge is produced by

A

6.24x10^18 ionizations

21
Q

1 R =

A

2.58 x 10-4 C/kg

22
Q

1 C/kg =

A

3876 R

23
Q

Amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by the irradiated object

A

Absorbed dose (D)

24
Q

As ionizing passes through an object, some of that energy of that radiation is transferred to that medium

A

Absorbed dose (D)

25
Q

Responsible for any biological damage resulting from the tissues being exposed by radiation

A

Absorbed energy

26
Q

Quantity of radiation energy absorbed per unit mass of tissue

A

Absorbed dose

27
Q

Conventional yin for Absorbed dose

A

rad

28
Q

Rad is equivalent to

A

100 ergs of absorbed energy per g of tissue

29
Q

The SI unit for Absorbed dose

A

Gray (Gy)

30
Q

Gray is equivalent to the absorption of

A

1J of radiation energy per kg of tissue

31
Q

Gray is named after the scientist

A

Louis Harold Gray

32
Q

Radiation quantity that use used to express the radiation concentration delivered to a point

A

Air Kerma

33
Q

KERMA

A

Kinetic Energy Released per unit mass (of air)

34
Q

Unit of Kerma

A

J/kg

35
Q

Absorbed dose in air

A

Air kerma

36
Q

The variation in biological harm that is produced in different types of radiation

A

Equivalent Dose (EqD)

37
Q

Used to express the biological impact of radiation on persons receiving occupational or environmental exprosures

A

Dose Equivalent

38
Q

Personnel exposure in a clinical facility is determined by

A

Dose equivalent

39
Q

Conventional unit for dose equivalent

A

rem

40
Q

SI unit for dose equivalent

A

Sievert

41
Q

Factor by which the absorbed dose must be multiplied to obtain a quantity that expressed on a common scale for all ionizing radiation

A

Radiation Weighing Factor

42
Q

Radiation quantity for expressing relative risk to humans both patients and other personnel

A

Effective dose

43
Q

ICRP multiplier used to determine the effective dose from the equivalent dose in one or more organs or tissues

A

Tissue weighing factor

44
Q

Represent radiation harm for which there is no threshold

A

Probabilistic Effect

45
Q

Dose limits for occupational exposure

A

Annual - 50mSv
Cumulative - 10mSv
Eyes - 150mSv
Skin hands feet - 500mSv

46
Q

Dose limit for public, the annual dose limit is

A

One-tenth that of radiation workers

47
Q

Use to describe a beam of x-radiation fall into two general categories

A

Radiation Quantities

000 Radiobiology (52 decks)

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