*** Basic Biologic Interactions Of Radiation Flashcards
Interaction of radiation in cells
Probability function
Initial deposition of energy occur very rapidly
Period of approximately 10^-17 seconds
Radiation interaction in a cell
Non-selective
Ratio of the doses under hypoxia to aerated conditions that produce the same biological effect
Oxygen enhancement ratio (OER)
Increases radiation effectiveness for cell killing
Oxygen presence (aerated conditions)
Result in more radio resistant cells
Lack of oxygen (hypoxic cells)
Cells are much more sensitive to x-rays in the presence of molecular oxygen than its absence
Oxygen effect
Rate at which energy is energy is deposited as a charged particle travels through matter
LET (Linear energy transfer)
Unit for LET
keV/u
Low LET radiation
Electromagnetic radiation
High LET radiation
Particulate radiation
Ability of different types of radiations to produce a specific biologic response
Relative biologic effectiveness (RBE)
Comparison of a dose of a test radiation to a dose of 250keV X-rays which produce the same biologic response
RBE
Involves absorption of ionizing radiation in the medium in which the molecules are suspended
Indirect action
Occurs when an ionizing radiation interacts with and is absorbed by a biologic macromolecules
Direct action
Absorption of radiation by a water molecule results in the production of ion pair and free radicals
Radiolysis of water
Contain a single unpaired electron in their outer shell, making them chemically unstable and highly reactive
Free radicals
Recombining with other free radicals producing ___, a toxic substance to the cell
Hydrogen peroxide
Requires a higher radiation dose to produce measurable effect than in vivo irradiation
In vitro irradiation of macromolecules