quiz6 ch 22 Flashcards
MacArthur came up with
geographic ecology
geographic ecology
look for patterns of plant and animal life that can be put on map like:
above level landscape ecology and vast breadth
Preston study of island area and species richness
few bird species on smallest islands and most species on large islands
Nilsson et al. study of island area and species richness
island areas are best predictors of species richness
MacArthur and Wilson equilibrium model of island biogeography
explains patterns of species diversity on island as result of immigration and extinction rates.
immigration rates are highest on new island with no organisms.
as species accumulate, immigration rates decline since fewer arrivals are new species
equilibrium model of island biogeography predictions
rate of extinction rise with increasing number of species causing the population size to diminish.
has larger pool of potential extinction.
competitive interaction btwn spp increase
species turnover
equilibrium model predicts species composition on island is fluid
latitudinal gradient
most groups of organisms are mores sp rich in tropics
6 categories of latitudinal gradients
time since perturbation productivity environmental heterogeneity favorableness nich breadth interspecific interactions
time since perturbation
tropics that are older and sutured less often.
more time for speciation.
less frequent disturbance reduce extinction rate.
productivity
high productivity and high spp richness.
more energy to divide among population, doesn’t include nutrients
environmental heterogeneity
more heterogeneity leads to more potential habitat areas/niches.
small islands = more complex
favorableness
tropics = favorable environments.
no extremes to limit diversity
more diversity = more stable
nich breadth
interspecific interaction
biological process plays a secondary role.
ultimate cause = physical differences
continental area and species richness
positive relationship.
bigger areas = more spp richness
