QUIZ 7 DEFS LEG OSTEOLOGY Flashcards
the bones found in the rear foot?
talus/astraglus
calcaneus
this is the most proximal part of the foot
consists of 2 short bones, the greater tarsal bones
rearfoot/hindfoot/greater tarsus
this is also the heel bone, the initial point of contact with the ground during gait, positioned inferior and slightly lateral in the foot?
calcaneus
the bones found in the mid foot?
navicular cuboid medial cuneiform intermediate cuneiform lateral cuneiform
this is the ankle bone, transfers the body weight from the leg to the foot, positioned superior and slightly medial to the foot
talus
what are the synovial articulations of the talus?
tibia
fibula
calcaneus
navicular
what are the synovial articulations of the calcaneus?
talus
cuboid
navicular
this part of the foot consists of 5 short bones, the lesser tarsal bones
normally does not contact the ground
midfoot/lesser tarsus
this part of the mid foot is medially placed the foot and superior relative to the cuboid
navicular
what are the synovial articulations of the navicular?
talus medial cuneiform intermediate cuneiform lateral cuneiform cuboid
this bone of the mid foot is laterally placed in the foot and inferior relative to the navicular?
cuboid
what are the cuboid articulations?
calcaneus lateral cuneiform 4th metatarsal 5th metatarsal navicular, 50% present as synovial joint
the most medial and largest of the 3 cuneiform of the midfoot?
medial cuneiform/first cuneiform
what are the synovial articulations of the medial cuneiform?
navicular
1st metatarsal
intermediate cuneiform
2nd metatarsal
this bone of the mid foot is the middle and smallest of the 3 cuneiforms?
intermediate cuneiform/second cuneiform
what are the articulations of the intermediate cuneiform?
navicular
medial cuneiform
2nd metatarsal
lateral cuneiform
in the mid foot, this is the bone that is the most lateral of the 3 cuneiforms?
lateral cuneiform
what are the articulations of the lateral cuneiform?
navicular intermediate cuneiform 2nd metatarsal 3rd metatarsal 4th metatarsal cuboid
this part of the foot consists of 19 bones
ball of the foot, this is what joint?
all shafts can be palpated dorsally
all heads dorsal, plantar and distally can be palpated, sesamoids are plantar
concavity of the shafts is plantar
weight passes from rear foot to forefoot
forefoot
metatarsophalangeal joints
what are all the components of the forefoot?
metatarsus phalanges rays of the foot columns of the foot arches of the foot
this is the part of the forefoot with 5 long bones, the metatarsal bones
lesser metatarsal bones all twist externally from proximally to distal
metatarsus
what are the parts of the metatarsus?
base shaft head anatomic neck surgical neck
actual length of the metatarsal bones compared with each other? relative length?
2>3>5>4>1
2>3>1>4>5 or 2>3=1>4>5
what are the bones of the metatarsus?
1st metatarsal 2nd metatarsal 3rd metatarsal 4th metatarsal 5th metatarsal sesamoids of the first metatarsal
- the most medial of the metatarsal bones
- the shortest (actual length), thickest and heaviest of the 5 metatarsal
bones
First Metatarsal
what are the synovial articulations of the first metatarsal?
medial cuneiform
proximal phalanx of the hallux
sesamoids
2nd metatarsals
- the longest of the five metatarsal bones (actual and relative lengths)
- the most stable due to its position; its base is wedged intermediate to the medial and lateral cuneiform bones
second metatarsal
what are the synovial articulations of the second metatarsal?
intermediate cuneiform medial cuneiform 2nd proximal phalanx lateral cuneiform 3rd metatarsal 1st metatarsal
- shorter than the 2nd, but longer than the 5th metatarsal (actual length)
Third Metatarsal
what are the synovial articulations of the third metatarsal?
lateral cuneiform
2nd metatarsal
proximal phalanx of the 3rd digit
4th metatarsal
- shorter than the 5th, but longer than the 1st metatarsal (actual length)
4th metatarsal
what are the synovial articulations of the 4th metatarsal?
cuboid lateral cuneiform 3rd metatarsal 4th proximal phalanx 5th metatarsal
- the most lateral of the metatarsal bones
- shorter than 3rd, longer than 4th (actual length)
fifth metatarsal
what are the synovial articulations of the 5th metatarsal?
cuboid
4th metatarsal
proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
these are the two small rounded bones, plantar to the first metatarsal head?
what are the synovial articulations?
sesamoids of the first metatarsal
tibial sesamoid
fibular sesamoid
- bones of the digits (hands or feet)
- pedal digits are toes; pedal phalanges are in the toes
- normally 14 long bones
phalanges (phalanx is singular)
what are the parts of the phalanges?
base
shaft
head
what are the components of the hallux or great toe?
proximal phalanx of hallus
distal phalanx of hallux
what are the articulations of the proximal phalanx of the hallux?
1st metatarsal
distal phalanx of the hallux
what are the articulations of the distal phalanx of the hallux?
proximal phalanx of the hallux
these digits are:
- the phalanges for the second through the fifth digits are all the same
- keep in mind that the articulations are for the digit being discussed
name these components
Second, Third, Fourth & Fifth Pedal Digits
proximal phalanges
middle phalanges
distal phalanges
name this phalange and articulation?
- have rounded bicondylar heads and widened concave bases
proximal phalanges
2nd through 5th metatarsals
2nd through 5th Middle Phalanges
name this phalange and articulations?
- have rounded bicondylar heads and bicondylar concave bases
middle phalanges
Proximal Phalanges of the 2nd through 5th Digits
2nd through 5th Distal Phalanges
name this phalange and articulations?
- have rough flattened heads and bicondylar concave bases
distal phalanges
2nd through 5th Middle Phalanges
The middle and distal phalanges of the fifth pedal digit are fused in about how much of the population? when fused they are considered to be what kind of phalanx of the fifth digit?
40%
distal phalanx
