FAILURE TO DIFFERENTIATE

Question 1

disturbances in limb development can occur at any time during the development can be _____?

Answer 1

hereditary or environmental

Question 2

• failure of mesenchymal primordia to differentiate
• several possibilities in the foot
• most frequent talus and calcaneus
• not treated unless symptomatic
• may be treated conservatively or surgically

Answer 2

Synostosis

Question 3

• most frequent talus and calcaneus

Answer 3

Synostosis

Question 4

• failure of mesenchymal primordia to differentiate

Answer 4

Synostosis

Question 5

2 types of syndactyly?

Answer 5

Cutaneous Syndactyly

Osseous Syndactyly

Question 6

name this type syndactyly?

• failure of mesenchyme between digits to degenerate
• causes web bed digits, complete or partial - surgically separated if problematic
• usually a problem in the hand as fingers have much independent motion
  and are more used
• usually a cosmetic problem only for feet (little functional problem)

Answer 6

Cutaneous Syndactyly

Question 7

name this type syndactyly?

• failure of mesenchymal primordia to differentiate
• notches between digital rays do not form

Answer 7

Osseous Syndactyly

Question 8

what are the two types of conditions associated with failure to differentiate?

Answer 8

synostosis

syndactyly