FAILURE TO FORM

Question 1

what are the examples of failure to form?

Answer 1

Amelia
Meromelia
Phocomelia

Question 2

name this type of condition as a result of failure to form?

• low incidence
• failure of limb to develop
• may be one or more limbs
• absence of all limbs seen most often when pregnant women took thalidomide
  for nausea; no longer used for this, but is being used for Parkinson’s disease
• upper limb involvement, may use prostheses
• lower limb involvement, usually use prostheses

Answer 2

Amelia

Question 3

• failure of limb to develop

Answer 3

Amelia

Question 4

• low incidence; old term hemimelia
• limb(s) partially absent
• can occur at any level from digits to parts of limbs - upper limb involvement, may use prostheses
• lower limb involvement, usually use prostheses

Answer 4

Meromelia

Question 5

• limb(s) partially absent

Answer 5

Meromelia

Question 6

what are the examples of meromelia? name what can be affected in the Congenital Absence of Bones

Answer 6

Congenital Absence of Bones

Cleft Hand / Cleft Foot (Lobster Claw Hand/Foot)

fifth metatarsal
fibula

Question 7

what type of meromelia is this?

• usually are genetic factors

Answer 7

Congenital Absence of Bones

Question 8

what type of meromelia is this?

• low incidence; old term ectrodactyly
• usually surgically corrected due to associated functional problems
• very difficult surgery, often done in stages (2-3 separate surgeries)
• depends upon which bones or other structures are absent

Answer 8

Cleft Hand / Cleft Foot (Lobster Claw Hand/Foot)

Question 9

• low incidence; old term ectrodactyly

Answer 9

Cleft Hand / Cleft Foot (Lobster Claw Hand/Foot)

Question 10

• failure of limbs to fully develop

- seal-like limbs

Answer 10

Phocomelia