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Disease mgmt > Quiz 7 > Flashcards

Quiz 7 Flashcards

1
Q

How is lepto transmitted?

A

• Exposure to contaminated water, food, soil, or bedding. Bite wounds, direct contact with infected urine

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2
Q

Which two organ systems are primarily affected by lepto?

A

Kidneys & liver

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3
Q

Which body fluid most likely to contain lepto organisms?

A

Urine

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4
Q

If an animal is able to be vaccinated for lepto, how often should it be done? Is the vaccine cross protective against different serovars?

A
  • Annually if necessary

* No

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5
Q

What are common organisms implicated in infectious tracheobronchitis?

A

Bacteria & viruses

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6
Q

How do animals with kennel cough generally feel? How is the cough described?

A
  • decreased appetite and activity

* Deep hacking cough with gagging or retching “Goose honk”

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7
Q

Which is the recommended way to administer kennel cough vaccine?

A

Intranasal

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8
Q

Can we get Lyme disease directly from dogs? What are some ways to prevent Lyme disease?

A
  • No
  • Tick prevention and control
  • Vaccine recommended for seronegative dogs living in endemic areas
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9
Q

Which strains of canine influenza do we vaccinate for?

A

• H3N8 and H3N2

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10
Q

What does the rattlesnake vaccine help with?

A

• Aids in the reduction of morbidity and mortality in rattlesnake envenomation

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11
Q

Are most pyodermas in animals primary or secondary?

A

Secondary most common

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12
Q

What are some of the secondary causes of pyodermas?

A

• allergies, food sensitivities, yeast infection, endocrine/metabolic disorder

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13
Q

Which layers of pyodermas are involved in superficial? Deep?

A
  • Superficial: epidermis & follicle

* Deep: dermis & subcutis (SQ)

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14
Q

What are some clinical signs of pyodermas?

A

• Erythema, Papules, Pustules, Epidermal collarettes, Ulcerations, Crusts, Alopecia, Pruritus, Self-inflicted trauma

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15
Q

List some examples of superficial pyodermas.

A

• Hot spots, pyoderma, skin fold dermatitis, acne (could also be deep)

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16
Q

What is a “hot spot?” What usually causes them? Who is prone to them?

A
  • Acute moist dermatitis
  • self-inflicted trauma, clipper burn, atopy
  • Heavy coated breeds
17
Q

What are some of the dermal folds that can develop pyoderma (where are they located)?

A
  • Lips (drooly breeds)
  • Facial folds (brachycephalic)
  • Vulvar folds
  • Tail folds
18
Q

What types of dogs get acne?

A

• Young dogs (3-12mo) or short coated breeds

19
Q

What are some recommendations for treating and preventing feline acne?

A

• Cleanse area under chin, stainless steel or ceramic food & water bowls

20
Q

What are some types of deep pyoderma?

A

• Feline acne, puppy strangles (juvenile pyoderma), interdigital, generalized pyodermas, acral (lick)granulomas, “stud-tail”

21
Q

Where do lick granulomas form?

A

• Feet, carpus, at or below hock

22
Q

What usually causes lick granulomas?

A

• Cause can be underlying issue (arthritis, allergies, neoplasia, OCD)

23
Q

What are some treatment options for lick granulomas?

A

• Long-term antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, topicals, behavior drugs, e-collar, bandaging

24
Q

What are some clinical signs of yeast infections?

A

• Pruritic, skin red, moist, ulcerated

25
Q

What is a dermatophyte? What is the most common dermatophyte in small animals? How do we generally diagnose?

A
  • Ringworm
  • Microsporum canis
  • Woods lamp, fungal culture/DTM culture, KOH preparations
26
Q

What are some causes of allergies in animals? What locations on the body does each allergy typically affect?

A
  • Fleas: base of tail, ventral abdomen
  • Food: face feet, ears, rears
  • inhalant allergens (atopy): feet, ears, axillae, anal glands
27
Q

What are some diagnostics that we use to diagnose allergies?

A

• History, positive response to treatment, flea screening, skin scrapes, skin cytology, tape impressions, ear cytology, fungal culture

28
Q

What is the best way to diagnose a food allergy?

A

Food trial (min 10 wks)

29
Q

What generally causes feline eosinophilic granuloma complex? Where are these lesions usually located on the cat?

A
  • Allergies (food, fleas, atopy), Idiopathic

* Ventral abdomen, inner thighs, axilla, chin, lips, footpads, ulcers on lips, eosinophilic plaques, linear granulomas

30
Q

What are clinical signs of sarcoptic mange? What should owners know about this mite? How is it diagnosed?

A
  • Severely pruritic, generalized lesions (pinna, ventral abdomen, elbows, hocks)
  • Highly contagious & zoonotic
  • Pinnal-pedal reflex, skin scrape, owner ends up w/ it
31
Q

How is demodectic mange different from sarcoptic mange (clinical signs, location, diagnosis, etc.)?

A
  • “red mange”, not contagious or zoonotic
  • Hair loss on face, ears, extremities
  • Non pruritic unless secondary pyoderma, Patchy alopecia
  • DEEP skin scape, skin biopsy, fecal
32
Q

What are some ways to tell that an animal has had fleas other than finding fleas themselves? What is unique about the flea’s life cycle?

A
  • Hair loss, flea dirt, secondary pyoderma, tapeworms

* Spends most of life cycle off the host

33
Q

Name 2 ingredients in flea medications that could be toxic to cats

A

• Organophosphates & permethrin

34
Q

Which species of tick is known to inhabit buildings? What are some recommendations regarding removal?

A
  • Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)

* Remove by getting head, not body

35
Q

If an owner finds lice on their child, could they have gotten it from the dog? Why or why not?

A

• No, Not zoonotic or reverse zoonosis (species specific)

36
Q

What is unique about removal of Cuterebra?

A

• Removed carefully, crushing or tearing can release larval protein and can cause severe allergic reaction

37
Q

What are common causes of anal gland issues? What are clinical signs?

A
  • Allergies, seborrhea, obesity

* Scooting, excessive licking, odor, pain on sitting, swollen perianal area, dark discoloration in perianal area

Disease mgmt (11 decks)

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