Quiz #2 review Flashcards
What are the six life stages (and corresponding ages) in cats?
• Kitten (0-6 m), junior (7m to 2yrs), Adult/prime(3-6yrs), mature (7to10yrs), Senior (11 to 14yrs), Geriatric (15+)
When should puppies and kittens come in for their first wellness exam? How often will they be coming in?
• 6 to 8 weeks old. Visits every 3 to 4 weeks until 16-20 wks
What are some of the differences in the visit between a puppy or kitten coming in vs an adult or senior animal?
• Puppy/kitten visits typically give owner education, visits 3-4 weeks (adult is annually or biannually)
What is passive immunity?
• Antibodies that are short-lived.
What are the three ways animals receive passive immunity?
- Maternal antibodies given in utero through the placenta, 2. Colostrum, 3. Intravenous (IV) infusion of antibody-rich plasma.
What is colostrum?
• Colostrum is the first secretions from a mother’s mammary glands that is rich in proteins and contains immunoglobulins to transfer immunity to their newborn.
What do we mean by active immunity?
• Immune system develops antibodies to antigens through natural exposure or vaccinations
What are the two types of vaccines? What are advantages and disadvantages of both?
- Noninfectious: Advantage- unable to cause disease; disadvantage- Antigen may not have a strong immune response and requires addition of adjuvants, possible hypersensitivity (abnormal immune response to foreign substance)
- Infectious: Advantage-Stimulate immunity more naturally & last longer; Disadvantage- some can cause the disease (rare)
What types of vaccines generally come as lyophilized powders?
• Infectious vaccines
What is a core vaccine?
• Necessary for all animals of a particular species
What are the core vaccines for cats? What are the non-core vaccines?
- Core: rabies, FVRCP(feline viral rhinotracheitis [herpesvirus], calicivirus, and panleukopenia virus)
- Noncore: Feline leukemia virus (FeLV), Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV),Chlamydophila felis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Feline coronavirus (FCoV), Giardia lamblia
Where is the rabies vaccine given? When and how often?
• Right Rear leg (distal to stifle), 1st dose when between 12 and 16 weeks of age, after every 1-3 yrs depending on state/country
What type of disease is caused by feline rhinotracheitis/calicivirus? Where is it given? When?
• Upper respiratory disease. Right forelimb (distal to elbow), starting after 6weeks then every 3-4 weeks until 16-20 weeks.. then 1 year later, then every 3 years
What special warnings are there about the panleukopenia vaccine?
• Causes fever, vomiting, lethargy, diarrhea, leukopenia
Who should receive the feline leukemia virus? Where is it given?
• cats that are at risk of contracting the disease (access to outdoors, unknown cats), kittens in initial visit. Given Left rear leg
What is unique about the FIV vaccine? Who might benefit from the vaccine?
• After vaccination, cats will test positive on the antibody-based FIV screening test. “at-risk” cats will benefit
What clinical signs does Chlamydophila cause?
• signs of conjunctivitis, upper respiratory tract disease
What are the core vaccines in dogs?
• Rabies, Canine distemper virus (CDV), Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)
Which systems does distemper virus affect?
• respiratory, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems
Where is the distemper vaccine generally given? What is the vaccine schedule for distemper for a puppy (<16 weeks)?
- Generally administered SQ in the right forelimb
* Given at or after 6 weeks of age, then every 3-4 weeks until 14-16 weeks
What does canine adenovirus-2 cause? What does canine adenovirus-1 cause? Which are we more concerned with providing immunity for with our injectable vaccine?
- cause of infectious tracheobronchitis (“kennel cough”)
* Adenovirus type 1 = infectious canine hepatitis (DHPP)
Who tends to become infected with parvovirus? When should dogs receive their last (puppy) parvo vaccine?
• Canines. Last vaccine should fall between 16 and 20 weeks
