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Evolution > Quiz 7 > Flashcards

Quiz 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a species? (3 parts)

A

a group that

  1. is distinct in appearance, behavior, and habitat
  2. interbreeds
  3. and is evolutionarily independent
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2
Q

What happens when gene flow is not occurring?

A

the two populations become isolated

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3
Q

What does isolation allow independent evolution through? (3 things)

A
  1. Natural selection
  2. Genetic drift
  3. Mutation
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4
Q

What is the definition of speciation?

A

the creation two or more distinct species from a single ancestral group

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5
Q

What are the three methods of new species identification?

A
  1. biological
  2. morphospecies
  3. phylogenetic
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6
Q

What are distinct species defined by?

A

reproductive isolation

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7
Q

What are the 5 mechanisms of the biological species concept?

A
  1. temporal
  2. habitat
  3. behavioral
  4. gametic
  5. mechanical
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8
Q

What are the two mechanisms of postzygotic production?

A

hybrid viability

hybrid sterility

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9
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of the biological species concept?

A
  1. not useful with fossils
  2. not useful with asexual organisms
  3. not useful with related species that are isolated
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10
Q

what is the morphospecies concept based off of?

A

distinguishing features that arise when populations are isolated from gene flow

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11
Q

What is the phylogenic species concept based off of?

A

common ancestory

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12
Q

What is the phylogenic species concept based off of?

A

common ancestory

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13
Q

What does allopatry mean?

A

groups of same species in different geographic areas

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14
Q

What are the two types of allopatry?

A

dispersal

vicariance

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15
Q

What is dispersal allopatry?

A

moving to a new habitat

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16
Q

What is vicariance allopatry?

A

physical splitting of a habitat

17
Q

What does sympatry mean?

A

groups of same species in the same geographic area

18
Q

What does sympatry mean?

A

groups of same species in the same geographic area

19
Q

What is pre zygotic isolation?

A

when divergence has occurred and has effected when, where, or how individuals mate

20
Q

What is population fusion?

A

when two populations interbreed and they lose distinguishing features

21
Q

What is reinforcement?

A

differences between species persist and they remain divergent

22
Q

What are the 3 types of hybridization?

A

zone formation, extinction, and speciation

23
Q

What is population fusion?

A

when two populations interbreed and lose distinguishing features

24
Q

What happens when hybrid offspring has a lower fitness than the parents?

A

the offspring die

25
Q

What happens when hybrid offspring has an intermediate fitness than the parents?

A

the offspring survive

26
Q

what happens when the hybrid offspring has a higher fitness than the parents?

A

the offspring survives and thrives

Evolution (11 decks)

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