Quiz 5 Flashcards
What is asexual reproduction?
identical cloning from one parent
What is sexual reproduction?
reproduction that requires two different organisms and has variation
What is the most common type of reproduction?
asexual
What is the paradox of sex?
shows that asexual reproduction does not have variation in gender or at all
What is the changing environment hypothesis?
if the environment changes from one generation to another, the change can make parent less able to adapt
What ddi Greg Mendel contribute?
he determined how traits are transmitted from parents to offspring
What were the two hypotheses?
blending inheritance and inheritance of acquired characteristics
What is the theory of bleeding inheritance?
heredity determinants blend
What is the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics?
characteristics that the parent works for is passed on to the offspring
What was used to test these hypothesis?
garden peas because they were easy to manipulate and reproduce
What were the two major take aways from testing the garden peas?
dominant and recessive traits exist
What is particulate inheritance?
hereditary determinants act as distinct entities and do not blend
What is a gene?
a hereditary determinant
What is an allele?
a version of a gene
What is a genotype?
the genetic makeup
What is a phenotype?
physical makeup
What is the principle of segregation?
each gamete contains one allele of each trait
What is a homozygous allele?
it has two copes of the same allele (AA or aa)
What is a heterozygous allele?
two different alleles (Aa)
What is the table of possible crosses called?
a punnett square
What are the two parts of the principle of independent assortment?
- alleles assort independently into gametes
2. alleles for various traits also assort independently
What are hereditary determinants?
chromosomes
What is an X linked trait?
A trait that only effects a certain gender (men)
What is a wild type?
the most common phenotype
