Quiz 2

Question 1

What is the definition of natural selection?

Answer 1

the process by which individuals with heritable traits are better able to survive and reproduce compared to other members of a population

Question 2

What are the 3 things that must happen for natural selection to occur?

Answer 2

1. train must be heritable
2. trait must vary
3. must be competition for survival

Question 3

What are the 2 conditions in which natural selection occurs?

Answer 3

1. individuals have an advantage

2. they pass on that advantage to an offspring

Question 4

What are advantageous traits also called?

Answer 4

adaptive traits

Question 5

What is frequency?

Answer 5

the percentage of traits in the population that increases from generation to generation

Question 6

What is “fitness” in darwin’s vocab?

Answer 6

ability to produce offspring

Question 7

What is “adaptation” as a noun in darwin’s vocab?

Answer 7

heritable trait that increase fitness of a particular individual

Question 8

What is “adaptation” as a verb in darwin’s vocab?

Answer 8

an evolutionary process that alters a phenotype to enhance ability to survive

Question 9

What is an allele?

Answer 9

a version of a gene

Question 10

What is a gene?

Answer 10

length of DNA that encodes for a protein

Question 11

What are the 4 things that alleles for genes can determine?

Answer 11

an organism’s…

1. body size
2. way it moves
3. way it procures food
4. way it protects itself

Question 12

What is allele frequency?

Answer 12

total number of particular allele
divided by
total number of all alleles (in a gene pool)

Question 13

What is a gene pool?

Answer 13

all the particular alleles in a population

Question 14

What is something important to keep in mind in regards to evolution and natural selection?

Answer 14

evolution is not always brought about through natural selection

Question 15

What is the definition of evolution?

Answer 15

The change in heritable characteristics of a population over time

Question 16

What is the definition of evolution by natural selection?

Answer 16

a change in the allele frequency in a population over time

Question 17

What is true about evolution in regards to individuals and populations?

Answer 17

individuals do not evolve, populations do

Question 18

What are the 5 steps of natural selection?

Answer 18

variation in traits -> certain traits naturally selected for -> differential survival -> differential reproduction -> evolution

Question 19

What was the largest example of natural selection presented in class?

Answer 19

Tuberculosis

Question 20

What was lamarck’s ideology?

Answer 20

individuals change in response to the environment

Question 21

What was darwin’s ideology?

Answer 21

individuals have the ability to adapt and produce more offspring

Question 22

Evolution is not goal it is…

Answer 22

progressive

Question 23

Evolution results from….

Answer 23

self preservation

Question 24

Are all traits adaptive?

Answer 24

no

Question 25

What are the two constraints that evolution is under?

Answer 25

genetic constraints and historical constraints

Question 26

What are adaptations due to?

Answer 26

random mutations

Question 27

What is the key idea with self preservation?

Answer 27

most organisms in the end only look out for their own well-being

Question 28

What is the key idea with genetic constraints?

Answer 28

results from different patterns of inheritance

Question 29

What is the key idea with historical constraints?

Answer 29

all traits have evolved from previously existing traits

Question 30

What is the result of environmental influence?

Answer 30

a compromise between traits