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Medical Vocab > quiz 7 > Flashcards

quiz 7 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

oral cavity

A

mouth
-food enters the body
-teeth crush food into smaller pieces

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2
Q

pharynx

A

throat
-food passageway from mouth to esophagus
-air passageway from nose to larynx (voice box)

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3
Q

esophagus

A

food is pushed toward stomach by peristalsis

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4
Q

stomach

A

food transformed into chyme
-pyloric sphincter allows chyme to pass into small intestine

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5
Q

small intestine (small bowel)

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum
-digestion of chyme is completed with aid of enzymes secreted by liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
-nutrients absorbed into bloodstream though villi

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6
Q

large intestine (colon)

A

ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, and rectum
-water is reabsorbed into the body
-fluid waste from small intestine passes through the colon

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7
Q

liver

A

-largest glandular organ in the body
-manufactures blood proteins
-destroys old erythrocytes
-removes toxins from blood
-manufactures bile that aids in digestion of fats
-stores and releases glycogen as needed by the body

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8
Q

gallbladder

A

-located on the inferior surface of the liver
-stores and releases bile received from the liver

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9
Q

pancreas

A

-produces enzymes that aid in digestion of proteins, starches, and fats
-secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon that help regulate carbohydrate metabolism and blood glucose levels

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10
Q

or/o, stomat/o

A

mouth

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11
Q

dent/o, odont/o

A

teeth

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12
Q

gloss/o, lingu/o

A

tongue

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13
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum(s)

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14
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

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15
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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16
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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17
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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18
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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19
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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20
Q

chol/e

A

bile, gall

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21
Q

choledoch/o

A

bile duct

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22
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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23
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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24
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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25
Q

enter/o

A

intestines, usually small intestine

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26
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon

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27
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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28
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

29
Q

an/o

A

anus

30
Q

proct/o

A

anus, rectum

31
Q

dia/rrhea

A

discharge or flow through

32
Q

dys/phagia

A

swallowing, eating (that is) painful or difficult

33
Q

post/prandial

A

after a meal

34
Q

sub/lingu/al

A

pertaining to under or below the tongue

35
Q

endo/scopy

A

visual examination within or in (an organ)

36
Q

hemat/emesis

A

vomiting blood

37
Q

pancrea/oma

A

tumor of the pancreas

38
Q

gastr/o/scope

A

instrument for examining the stomach

39
Q

hepat/o/megaly

A

enlargement of the liver

40
Q

enter/o/pathy

A

disease of the intestine

41
Q

gingiv/itis

A

inflammation of the gum(s)

42
Q

append/ic/itis

A

inflammation of the appendix

43
Q

append/ect/omy

A

surgical removal of the appendix

44
Q

perit/on/itis

A

serious infection of the abdominal cavity of peritoneum

45
Q

fecalith

A

hard mass of fecal matter

46
Q

diverticul/itis

A

acute inflammation of the diverticula

47
Q

diverticula

A

small, blister-like pockets in the inner lining of the large intestine

48
Q

obstipation

A

extreme constipation

49
Q

diverticul/ectomy

A

surgical removal of the diverticula

50
Q

cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis

A

formation or presence of gallstones within the gallbladder or bile ducts

51
Q

cholecystectomy

A

surgical removal of the gallbladder

52
Q

ESWL

A

extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy

53
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

54
Q

dysentery

A

inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, which may be caused by chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites

55
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passage from one organ to another or from a hollow organ tot he surface

56
Q

hemmorrhoid

A

mass of enlarged, twisted varicose veins in the mucous membrane inside (internal) or just outside (external) the rectum, also called piles

57
Q

polyp

A

small tumor-like, benign growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface

58
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the bowel on itself causing obstruction

59
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

examination of the lower third of the colon only

60
Q

colonoscopy

A

examination of the entire length of the colon

61
Q

UGIS

A

upper gastrointestinal series

62
Q

LGIS

A

lower gastrointestinal series

63
Q

hepat/o/pexy

A

surgical fixation of the liver

64
Q

choledocho/rrhapy

A

suture of a bile duct

65
Q

antacids

A

counteract or neutralize acidity, usually in the stomach

66
Q

antidiarrheals

A

-control loose stools
-relieve diarrhea

67
Q

antiemetics

A

control nausea and vomiting

68
Q

laxatives

A

treat constipation

Medical Vocab (14 decks)

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