quiz 6 glococorticoids

Question 1

8 effects glucocorticoids can do

Answer 1

• increase gastric acid secretion and decrease mucus production in GI tract (produce ulcers)
• increase protein breakdown
• induce labor and cause abortions if they’re full term
• increase blood glucose levels
• decrease inflammation
• inhibit scar tissue formation (fibroblasts)
• suppress body’s immune system
• affect CBC

Question 2

2 short acting glucocorticoids

Answer 2

cortisone, hydrocortisone

Question 3

2 intermediate acting glucocorticoids

Answer 3

prednisone, prednisolone

• triamcindone
• methylprednisolone

Question 4

active form of prednisone that actually has the glucocorticoid/anti-inflammatory effect

Answer 4

prednisolone

Question 5

explain aqueous (water based) glucocorticoid solution

Answer 5

• glucocorticoid is combined with a salt and dissolved in water

Question 6

this type of glucocorticoid solution is good for emergency situations - why?

Answer 6

aqueous solutions - can be given in large doses IV with less risk of adverse reactions

Question 7

explain alcohol solutions

Answer 7

glucocorticoid is dissolved in alcohol

Question 8

these solutions have an increased risk of an adverse reaction if given IV in high volumes - usually only given IM

Answer 8

alcohol solutions

Question 9

with suspensions, store them this way:

Answer 9

room temperature

Question 10

refrigeration of suspensions will cause:

Answer 10

crystals to get larger

Question 11

how fast are glucocorticoids absorbed in suspensions?

Answer 11

gradually over a period of days

Question 12

you would try to use a safer drug (like an NSAID) if you can. But, what are glucocorticoids good at treating?

Answer 12

CNS inflammation

Question 13

in what situations do you want to avoid using glucocorticoids? (5)

Answer 13

• corneal injury
• Cushing’s disease
• pregnant
• immunosuppressed
• diabetes mellitus (increased blood glucose)

Question 14

effects in CBC

Answer 14

INC
- neutrophils
- monocytes
- platelets
DEC
- lymphocytes

Question 15

short acting glucocorticoids last how long?

Answer 15

less than 12 hours

Question 16

intermediate acting glucocorticoids last how long?

Answer 16

12-36 hours

Question 17

long acting glucocorticoids last how long?

Answer 17

more than 48 hours

Question 18

dosage forms available for glucocorticoids (3)

Answer 18

• topical
• oral
• injectable

Question 19

in these solutions, the label lists the glucocorticoid as the only active ingredient

Answer 19

alcohol solutions

Question 20

2 examples of liquid vehicles used in aqueous solutions

Answer 20

• acetate

- valerate

Question 21

this type of glucocorticoid formulation should never be administered IV
- why?

Answer 21

suspensions

- crystals

Question 22

glucocorticoids may be what in some patients?

Answer 22

contraindicated