ANESTHESIA: Regional injection types

Question 1

where do you inject locals for an Epidural Block?

Answer 1

between 7th lumbar vertebra and sacrum

Question 2

how do you know you’re in the vertebral canal of an epidural?

Answer 2

the vertebral canal has a vacuum/suction quality - you’ll see liquid leave the hub of your needle

Question 3

in epidurals, the agent flows (caudally/cranially)?

Answer 3

cranially

Question 4

other than lidocaine, what other 2 types of agents can you use for an epidural?

Answer 4

• opioids

- alpha-2 agonists

Question 5

why would you use an opioid (morphine) on cows

Answer 5

opioids cause more loss of sensory function than they do motor function - their back legs could still possibly maintain motor function. this means they are less likely to fall over

Question 6

this type of Regional Injection numbs the paralumbar fossa on a cow for C sections

Answer 6

Paravertebral Block

Question 7

which 3 nerves do you block for Paravertebral Blocks?

Answer 7

• T13
• L1
• L2

Question 8

with this type of Regional Injection, you inject between the sacrum and the 1st coccygeal vertebra in cows

Answer 8

Caudal epidural