Quiz 3 Vocabulary

Question 1

acrosome

Answer 1

A cap-like structure that surrounds the anterior part of the head of a sperm and participates in the acrosome reaction

Question 2

acrosome reaction

Answer 2

During fertilization the acrosome releases enzymes associated with penetration of the zona pellucida

Question 3

ampulla (male and female)

Answer 3

Male –a thickening of the vas deferens before it enters the urethra: glandular portion of the vas deferens.
Female – dilated section of the oviduct which lies between the infundibulum and the isthmus

Question 4

antrum

Answer 4

fluid filled cavity inside a Graafian follicle.

Question 5

aspermia

Answer 5

Failure of formation or emission of semen carrying sperm

Question 6

castration

Answer 6

Removal of the testes or gonads.

Question 7

congenital

Answer 7

Existing at, or dating from, birth; that which is acquired during pre-natal life.

Question 8

epididymitis

Answer 8

Inflammation of the epididymis.

Question 9

freemartin

Answer 9

A heifer born twin to a bull. Approximately 90% of freemartin heifers are sterile

Question 10

hermaphrodite

Answer 10

An individual possessing both male and female reproductive organs. True hermaphrodites are capable of producing both ova and sperm

Question 11

heterogametic

Answer 11

Producing unlike gametes with respect to the sex chromosome (e.g. male mammals produce X and Y bearing sperm)

Question 12

homogametic

Answer 12

Producing similar gametes with respect to the sex chromosome (female mammals produce only X bearing sperm).

Question 13

intersex

Answer 13

An individual showing morphological and anatomical characteristics that lie between the typical male and female condition; especially relevant to the genitalia

Question 14

libido

Answer 14

Desire to mate

Question 15

Meiosis

Answer 15

The two divisions which precede the formation of gametes in which the members of each chromosome pair separate, and the chromosome number in the resulting daughter cells is reduced to half the somatic number; as distinguished from ordinary cell division (mitosis).

Question 16

metamorphosis

Answer 16

Change of shape or structure; a transition from one developmental stage to another.

Question 17

mitosis

Answer 17

Cell division involving the duplication of chromosomes, and the division of the chromosomes by a process of longitudinal splitting. Thus, each of the resultant daughter cells receives a full complement of the chromosomes existing in the original cell before division.

Question 18

septum

Answer 18

A dividing wall or membrane; a partition

Question 19

spermatocytogenesis

Answer 19

The stage of spermatogenesis that involves cell divisions: more specifically the process by which spermatogonia develop into spermatocytes and later spermatids.

Question 20

spermatogenesis

Answer 20

The process of formation of sperm which includes both spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis

Question 21

spermiogenesis

Answer 21

The morphological change that spermatids undergo to become spermatozoa.

Question 22

spermiation

Answer 22

The process by which spermatozoa detach from Sertoli cells

Question 23

thermoregulation

Answer 23

the regulation of temperature by the body

Question 24

tumescence

Answer 24

a state of being swollen or tumid

Question 25

vasectomy

Answer 25

Surgical removal of all or part of the vas deferens.

Question 26

vasoconstriction

Answer 26

The narrowing of the diameter of vessels; especially constriction of arterioles, leading to decreased blood flow in an organ