Lab Practical 2 Flashcards
estrous synchronization product in cattle
CIDR - progestins
identify parts of a cumulus-oocyte complex
- vitelline membrane
- zona pellucida
- corona radiata
- cumulus cells
identify stage of early embryonic development
- 2 cell embryo
- 4 cell embryo
- 8 cell embryo
- morula
- blastocyst
be able to identify the following parts of an embryo
- zona pellucida
- blastomere
- blastocoele
- inner cell mass
- trophoblast
identify extra embryonic membranes and cavities in the rat, pig and cow
- amnion
- amniotic cavity,
- yolk sac
- chorioallantoic membrane
- allantoic cavity
- chorionic plate
be able to identify necrotic tips on a pig placenta
Necrotic tip where ends meet another fetus. They are avascular!
identify different types of placental attachment
- diffuse placenta
- cotyledonary placenta (placentome, fetal cotyledon, maternal caruncle)
- discoid
diffuse placenta species
pigs and horses
cotyledonary placenta species
ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats)
cotyledonary placenta: placentome
main site of nutrient exchange between mother and fetus in ruminant animals
cotyledonary placenta: fetal cotyledon
fetal side of the placentome
cotyledonary placenta: maternal caruncle
maternal side of placentome
discoid placenta species
humans, primates, rodents
diffuse placenta structure
uniform villi across the placenta
cotyledonary placenta structure
villi grouped into cotyledons, placentomes
discoid placenta structure
localized disc shaped area
what is the shape of the rodents placenta?
disc-shaped, discoid placenta
signs of estrus: dogs
- blood-tinged vaginal discharge
- vaginal swelling
- female accepts male for mating
signs of estrus: cattle
- standing to be mounted (definitive sign)
- aggressively attempting to mount other cows
- thin, watery mucus from the vulva
- nervousness, off feed, vocalization
signs of estrus: horses
- posturing (raising tail, squat, wink) near stallion
- urination near stallion
estrus detection aids in cattle
- Tail Paint
- KMAR patch
- Estrotech patch
- Heat Watch
methods of semen collection in bulls
- artificial vagina (most common)
- electroejaculation
reasons for utilizing AI in cattle
- genetic improvement
- ability to obtain info on young sires more quickly
- reduce STDs
- do no need bulls kept on farms
three reasons why most frozen bull semen is packaged in straws rather than ampules?
- can store more straws
- reduced sperm loss during thawing
- thawing time is less
- depositing semen is easier with a catheter with straws
what are some diagnostic tools that can be used to determine if a dog has ovulated?
- canine ovulation kit (measures progesterone)
- vaginal cytology (more layers = heat)
- laparoscope
be able to locate the following structures of the dog reproductive tract on a diagram
- vagina
- paracervix
- paracervical tunnel
- cervix
- uterus
what is the bulbus glandis in the male dog and how it functions during copulation?
- specialized structure of the glans penis
- forms the tie / lock in the vagina to ensure sperm is deposited into the females reproductive tract
How determine the stage of the estrus to breed a dog from the vaginal folding seen with a laparoscope
- proestrus: swollen, pink, mucus
- estrus: wrinkled, pale
- diestrus: smooth, thick
- anestrus: thin, smooth, pale
