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Oral Biology > QUIZ 2 Tooth Development > Flashcards

QUIZ 2 Tooth Development Flashcards

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1
Q

what are two examples of patterning defects of human dentition?

A

tooth agenesis (absence of teeth) and cleidocranial dysplasia (development of 3rd layer of teeth)

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2
Q

what is the paradigm for organogenesis? (tooth morphogenesis)

A
  • positional information - where they need to be
  • shape determination
  • size variance
  • cell proliferation and migration
  • terminal differentiation
  • specialized matrix foramtion
  • programmed cell death
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3
Q

all organs develop from ___ and ___ layers

A

epithelium and mesenchymal

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4
Q

what guides organogenesis?

A

epithelial-mesenchymal interactions

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5
Q

cell communication is mediated by ___

A

signaling molecules

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6
Q

growth factors turn on transcription factors, which control which 3 things in development?

A

proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis

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7
Q

what is the difference between autocrine and intracrine signaling?

A
  • autocrine signaling involves the cell releasing a factor that has an affect on itself
  • intracrine involves the cell producing a factor that affects itself, but never actually leaves the cell first
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8
Q

___ interactions are critical in development

A

cell-cell

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9
Q

___ interactions dictate morphogenesis and differentiation

A

cell-matrix

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10
Q

what does the cranial neural crest give rise to?

A
  • ganglia and nerves
  • adrenal medulla
  • ectomesenchyme of bones and teeth
    • dentin
    • bone
    • cementum
    • periodontal ligament
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11
Q

what is developed by 37 days in utero?

A
  • stomatodeum or primitive mouth
  • covered by primitive epithelium
  • embryonic connective tissue also referred to as ectomesenchyme
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12
Q

describe the dental lamina

A
  • becomes the future tooth bud
  • outer primary epithelial band
  • ectomesenchyme below (cells are more loosely packed)
  • meckel’s cartilage within ectomesenchyme
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13
Q

cell proliferation at the dental lamina causes ___

A

thickening

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14
Q

label this photo

A
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15
Q

what are the six stages of crown development?

A
  • initiation - induction
  • bud stage - proliferation
  • cap stage - proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis
  • bell stage - proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis
  • apposition stage - induction and proliferation
  • maturation stage - maturation
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16
Q

what are the structures formed in the initiation stage?

A

lamina and bud

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17
Q

what are the structures formed in the morphogenesis stage?

A

cap and early bell

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18
Q

what is the structure formed in the cell terminal differentiation stage?

A

late bell

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19
Q

what structures are formed in the matrix synthesis stage?

A

dentin, enamel, and cementum/bone

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20
Q

what stage of development is the tooth type (incisor, premolar, molar, etc.) determined?

A

morphogenesis stage (cap, early bell)

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21
Q

proliferation of epithelium produces buds at how many locations along each dental lamina?

A

10

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22
Q

each bud is the precursor of the ___ for each deciduous tooth

A

enamel organ

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23
Q

at the bud stage, ___ acts along with ___, ___, and ___ to stimulate the mesenchyme to express transcription factors ___, ___, ___, and the ECM molecules ___ and ___, and more ___

A
  • at the bud stage, BMP-4 acts along with Fgf-8, Lef-1, and shh to stimulate the mesenchyme to express transcription factors, Msx-1, Msx-2, early growth response-1 (Egr-1), and the ECM molecules syndecan and tenascin and more BMP-4.
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24
Q

what is induction?

A

the process where one tissue changes the development of surrounding tissues

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25
Q

what does Lef-1 do in the initiation stage of tooth development?

A

stimulates the pre-dental ectoderm to produce Fgf-8

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26
Q

what does Fgf-8 do in the initiation stage of tooth development?

A

induces the underlying mesenchyme to express Pax-9 and Msx-1 beneath the thickened dental lamina

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27
Q

what do BMP-2 and BMP-4 do?

A

inhibit Fgf-8

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28
Q

label this photo

what stage of tooth development is depicted?

A

early cap stage

a condensation of the ectomesenchyme associated with the epithelial cap is identified easily

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29
Q

label this photo

what stage of tooth development is depicted?

A

cap stage

the epithelial enamel organ sits over a mass of ectomesenchymal cells, the dental papilla that extends around the rim of the enamel organ to form the dental follicle

30
Q

in the cap stage, unequal proliferation of ___ cause a cap to form

A

bud cells

31
Q

in the cap stage, ___ cells condense around the developing cap; these will become the ___ and ___

A
  • ectomesenchymal
  • dental papilla and dental sac
32
Q

what makes up the tooth germ?

A

enamel organ + dental papilla + dental sac

33
Q

in the cap stage, what forms on the lingual side of the dental lamina?

A

successional dental lamina

34
Q

in the cap stage, ___ will give rise to the enamel organs of the permanent replacements for the ten deciduous teeth

A

successional dental lamina

35
Q

label this picture

A
36
Q

label this picture

what stage of tooth development is depicted?

A

advanced cap stage

37
Q

what structure dictates how many cusps will form in a tooth?

A

the enamel knot

38
Q

label this photo

what stage of tooth development is depicted?

A

early bell stage

the enamel organ seems to be divided by the enamel cord

39
Q

which stage of crown development is described as the continued differentiation of the enamel organ that produces four distinct layers with different functions?

A

bell stage

40
Q

in the bell stage, continued differentiation of enamel organ produces which four distinct layers?

A
  • outer enamel epithelium
  • stellate reticulum
  • stratum intermedium
  • inner enamel epithelium
41
Q

the cervical loop, present at the ___ stage, is the junction of which two layers?

A
  • bell stage
  • outer enamel epithelium and inner enamel epithelium
42
Q

in the bell stage, dental papilla cells continue to proliferate into which two types of cells?

A

outer dental papilla cells and inner dental papilla cells

43
Q

in the bell stage, proliferating dental cells will eventually develop into what at a later stage?

A

periodontal tissues

44
Q

what is the function of the outer enamel epithelium?

A

protective barrier for enamel organ

45
Q

what is the function of the stellate reticulum?

A

supports enamel production

46
Q

what is the function of the stratum intermedium?

A

supports enamel mineralization - alkaline phosphatase

47
Q

what is the function of the inner enamel epithelium?

A

differentiate into ameloblasts - enamel forming cells

48
Q

describe the apposition stage of crown development

A
  • organic matrix of enamel and dentin are laid down followed by initial calcification
  • series of reciprocol inductions occur between enamel organ and dental papilla outer cells
49
Q

in the apposition stage, reciprocol induction occurs in which order?

A
  • IEE cells differentiate into preameloblasts - cells become polarized
  • preameloblasts induce outer DP cells to differentiate into preodontoblasts which continue differentiating into odontoblasts
50
Q

label this picture

A

the epithelial-mesenchymal interface

51
Q

label this picture

A

the epithelial-mesenchymal interface

52
Q

label this picture

A

epithelial-mesenchymal interface

53
Q

label this picture

A

epithelial-mesenchymal interface

54
Q

label this picture

A
55
Q

what are the 7 stages of the ameloblast life cycle?

A
  • inner enamel epithelial cell
  • preameloblast
  • initial secretory ameloblast
  • secretory ameloblast
  • smooth-ended maturation ameloblast
  • ruffled-ended maturation ameloblast
  • protective ameloblast
56
Q

describe apposition and maturation patterns in crown development

A

apposition and maturation of dentin and enamel occur in increments from the cusp or incisal tip in a cervical direction

57
Q

what is formed in the maturation stage?

A

dentin

58
Q

___ is mineralized as it is deposited

A

dentin

59
Q

initial mineralization of dentin in the maturation stage is in the form of globules, producing ___

A

globular dentin

globules fuse together as mineralization proceeds

60
Q

the initial layer of dentin next to the DEJ is called ___

A

mantle dentin

61
Q

what is mantle dentin?

A
  • collagen fibers perpendicular to the DEJ
  • higher mineral contect
62
Q

the intial layer of dentin next to the DEJ is called mantle dentin. the remaining dentain around the pulp is called ___

A

circumpulpal dentin

63
Q

describe circumpulpal dentin

A
  • collagen fibers parallel to DEJ
  • lower mineral content
64
Q

label this picture

A
65
Q

describe dentin root development

A
  • REE grows in an apical direction at the cervical loop
  • becomes hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS)
  • HERS induces DP outer cells to become odontoblasts
  • root odontoblasts secrete predentin which is soon mineralized
  • HERS then detaches from root dentin and disintegrates - some remnants persist as epithelial rests of malassez
  • roots are not complete until after the tooth has erupted and is in function
66
Q

label this picture

A
67
Q

describe cementum root development

A
  • dental sac cells migrate in and contact new root dentin surface
  • induction of dental sac cells to differentiate into cementoblasts
  • cementoblasts secrete organic matrix (cementoid) on new dentin surface
  • cementoid mineralizes into cementum
  • in the apical 1/2 to 2/3 of the root, cementoblasts become entrapped in lacunae as cementocytes
68
Q

in multiroot development, ___ splits into two or three sheaths

A

HERS

69
Q

describe the development of the periodontal ligament

A
  • dental sac ectomesenchyme cells differentiate into fibroblasts
  • fibroblasts secrete collagen fibers
  • collagen fibers become anchored in cementum as it is deposited by cementoblasts
70
Q

describe development of alveolar bone

A
  • dental sac ectomesenchyme cells differentiate into osteoprogenitor cells then osteoblasts and lay down alveolar bone
  • developing collagen fibers of the PDL become anchored in alveolar bone

Oral Biology (19 decks)

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