quiz 15 Flashcards
Where is the genetic material in a cell found?
The nucleus
What is the name of the chemical that genetic material is made of?
DNA
Define cell cycle
A series of stages during which a cell grows and divides
What is a gene?
A section of DNA with a particular instruction
Before a cell divides by mitosis, why does it need to make identical copies of its DNA?
So that each daughter cell has the exact amount of DNA identical to the parent cell and to each other
Define gene
A section of a chromosome that codes for the production of a protein
What happens in a cell during cytokinesis?
The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form 2 genetically identical daughter cells
True or false: a chromosome usually carries only one gene
False: a chromosome usually carries a large number of genes
How many chromosomes do most human cells have?
23 pairs
What happens in a cell during mitosis?
The chromosomes line up in the middle, one set of each chromosome is pulled to each end of the cell and the nucleus divides
What happens in a cell during interphase?
The cell grows, the DNA replicates and sub-cellular structures increase in number
Name the stages that occur during a cell cycle
Interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis
What is the name for a structure made up of coiled up DNA?
chromosome
Give 2 reasons why mitosis occurs in cells
To help an organism grow or to help an organism repair and replace damaged cells
Define mitosis
A type of cell division in which a cell divides to form 2 genetically identical daughter cells
