quiz 1 Flashcards
Which enzyme breaks down carbohydrate?
carbohydrase
Define ‘’ absorption’’ in biology
When small nutrient molecules diffuse across the small intestine wall into the bloodstream
Where in the human body is amalyse produced
salivary glands,pancreas and small intestine
Which enzyme breaks down lipids?
Lipase
What is the function of the large intestine?
absorb water from undigested food
Give examples of mechanical digestion
chewing by teeth and churning by stomach
what is a substrate?
molecule that is broken down or built up by enzymes
Where in the human body is protease produced?
stomach,pancreas and small intestine
Why is digestion important?
so nutrients are small enough to diffuse through the small intestine wall
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the part which binds to a substrate and where the reaction happens
What do lipases digest and what is the product?
Lipids to fatty acids and glycerol
In the human body, where does chemical digestion happen
Mouth, stomach and small intestine
What is an enzyme?
a protein that speeds up a reaction without being used up itself
What role does bile have in digestion?
emulsifies fats, neutralises the pH of stomach acid
What are the 2 main types of carbohydrates?
starch and sugar
Explain how enzymes break down substrates. Answer in terms of the lock and key theory
substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme
shape of the active site and the substrate are complementary
chemical bonds in the substrate are broken down to produce smaller molecules
In order show the order in which food passes the digestive system
Mouth,oesphagus,stomach,small intestine,large intestine,rectum and anus
Where is bile stored?
in the gall bladder
What is pH?
How acidic or alkaline a solution is
What happens when an enzyme is denatured
its active site permanently changes shape so it cant bind to its substrate
