quiz 1 review

Question 1

Birds, snakes, lizards, turtles, and crocodiles are all thought to share a common ancestor and several homologous traits. Assuming that this is true, these groups of animals and their common ancestor would represent.

Answer 1

a monophyletic group

Question 2

A group is considered polyphyletic if

Answer 2

the group does not contain the most recent common ancestor

Question 3

Darwin envisioned that all species emerged spontaneously and were not related to one another

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Characteristics that are present in organisms as a result of common evolutionary descent are said to be _____ characteristics.

Answer 4

homologous

Question 5

Evidence suggests that the crocodiles are more closely related to the birds than the turtles and snakes. If so, then including crocodiles, but not birds, in the Class Reptilia would make the Class Reptilia

Answer 5

a paraphyletic group

Question 6

Why is a reducing atmosphere conducive to the origin of life?

Answer 6

It is more favorable for the development of organic molecules

Question 7

Infolding of the cellular membrane has led to the development of the

Answer 7

Nuclear envelope

Question 8

The group that probably gave rise to chloroplasts is the

Answer 8

cyanobacteria

Question 9

The early Earth’s reducing atmosphere probably contained all of the following except

Answer 9

oxygen

Question 10

The oldest fossils are of prokaryotes

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Life apparently originated on Earth about

Answer 11

3.5 billion years ago

Question 12

True multicellularity is the characteristic of eukaryotes

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Would you expect the membranes of organelles, like the Golgi and the endoplasmic reticulum, to be more similar to the plasma membrane or to the mitochondrial membrane?

Answer 13

More similar to the plasma membrane, because they were derived from infoldings of the cell’s membrane

Question 14

Evolution is always divergent

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Derived characteristics arose more recently and are shared only by a small amount of species

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Parental care in dinosaurs, crocodiles, and birds is an example of

Answer 16

homology caused by common descent

Question 17

A group is considered monophyletic if

Answer 17

all members of the group share a common ancestor that is included in the group

Question 18

Homo sapiens have existed on earth for 2% of the earth’s history

Answer 18

False

Question 19

RNA was probably the first molecule used to encode genetic information; the use of DNA came later. This is due to RNA’s inherent stability and its ability to store information more accurately than DNA

Answer 19

False