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Anatomy > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy
Physiology
Histology

A

A- study of structures of the body in which substances are made up of (can be seen with the naked eye)

P- study of the functions of the body structures (physical and chemical)

H- the study micro structures found in living tissues

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2
Q

Homeostasis and examples

A

the state of chemical balance or equilibrium maintained by living systems

ex: ph balance, electrolytes, blood pressure, blood sugar via insulin, body temp, fluid balance (water intake)

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3
Q

Cell

Mitosis

A

C- the basic function unit of all body structures

M- cell division

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4
Q

Permeable

Semi/Selectively Permeable

A

P- a membrane allows liquids (water), nutrients or gas (oxygen) to pass through it

SP- allows some substances to enter/exit through the membrane depending on the type of cell and its location

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5
Q

Osteology

A

the study of bones

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6
Q

what are the three types of bones and how many bones does the human body have

A

Long
Flat
Irregular

206

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7
Q

what is the fractions of mineral and organic matter that bones contain

A

Minerals- 2/3

Organic matter - 1/3

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8
Q

OSSIFICATION

A

hardening of cartilage into bone, occurs when bone grows or repairs

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9
Q

6 functions of bones

A
  1. structural support, shape and strength
  2. protect internal organs
  3. Provide framework for muscles to attach
  4. allows movement of the body
  5. produces red and white blood cells (bone marrow)
  6. Stores calcium
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10
Q

what is the only unarticulated (not connected with another bone) bone in the body

A

hyoid bone (in throat, helps with swallowing and speech)

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11
Q

Cartilage

Ligaments

A

connective tissue between the joints , provides support, protection, cushioning

link bones to other bones

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12
Q

synovial fluid

A

slippery, fills the joint and offers lubrication and protection as well as nutrients

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13
Q 
BONES OF THE HAND
Some
Lovers
Try
Positions
That
They 
Cant
Handle
A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapzium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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14
Q

Osteoporosis

A

disease where bone becomes porous and loses density due to decrease in estrogen

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15
Q

Lordosis
Kyphosis
Scoliosis

A

lower spine curved inward

upper spine curved outward (hunch)

Spine curved left or right in an S

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16
Q

Rheumatiod Arthritis

Osteoarthritis

A

RA- immune disorder, attacks body own connective tissue, swelling in joints

OA- the cartilage between joints gradually worn and broken down

17
Q

Metabolism
Catabolism
Anabolism

A

M- all chemical reactions maintaining living cells and the organism

C- breaking down molecules to release energy
e. Converting food into energy

A- Synthesizing molecule compounds that the body requires
e. making proteins from amino acids

18
Q

The 10 body systems

A 
Circulatory
Skeletal
Muscular
Excretory 
Endocrine
Reproductive
Respiratory
Integumentary
Digestive
Nervous
19
Q

Directional terms:

Superior
Inferior
Anterior
Posterior

A

S- vertical upwards
I- Vertical Downwards
A- towards the front of body
P- toward the back of the body

20
Q

Directional Terms:

Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal

A

M- mid line of body
L- further away from midline
P- towards body attachment
Distal- away from body attachment

21
Q

Directional Terms:

Superficial/exterior

Deep/interior

A

S/E- closer to the surface of the body

D/I- closer to the inside of the body

22
Q

Movement Terms:

Flexion
Extension

A

F- decreases angle between two structures

E- increases angle between two structures

23
Q

Movement Terms:

Abduction

Adduction

A

AB- moving a body part away from midline

AD- moving a body part towards the midline

24
Q

Movement Terms:

Supination

Pronation

A

S- palm of hands faces up (how you hold a bowl of soup) and soles of foot inwards

P- palm of hands down and soles of feet outwards

Anatomy (11 decks)

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