Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the endocrine system

Answer 1

Chemical messenger system consisting of hormones, the glands which secrete those hormones and the feedback loops that control their release so that homeostasis is maintained

Chemical control of the body
Heart rate
Fight or flight
Reproduction
Growth

Question 2

what are hormones, glands

Answer 2

Hormones
Chemical messengers
Secreted by glands throughout the body

Glands
Structures that secrete substances for use in the body

Together they create chemical control of the body for countless processes
Ex. Heart rate, fight or flight, energy systems, reproduction, etc.

Question 3

What are all the glands we need to know (10)

Answer 3

• Hypothalamus
• Pituitary
• Pineal Gland
• Thyroid
• Parathyroid gland
• Thymus
• Pancreas
• Adrenal Glands
• Ovaries
• Testes

Question 4

Function of the hypothalamus

Answer 4

Part of the lower middle brain that tells the pituitary gland when to release hormones
Acts as a connector between the endocrine and nervous systems
Body temp, thirst, appetite, emotions, sex drive, childbirth, etc.

Question 5

Function of the Pituitary

Answer 5

Base of brain behind sinuses
“Master Gland”
Body growth hormone ( GH ), menstrual cycles, release of breast milk, metabolism

Question 6

Function of the Pineal Gland

Answer 6

Near the centre of the brain

Helps control wake/sleep patterns

Question 7

Function of the Thyroid

Answer 7

Butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck
Helps control metabolism
Uses iodine to make hormones

Question 8

Function of the Parathyroid gland

Answer 8

iny glands on the back of the thyroid

Controls amount of calcium in the blood

Question 9

Function of the Thymus

Answer 9

Located in upper chest

Helps with the immune system

Question 10

Function of the Pancreas

Answer 10

Located in the abdomen

Digestion and blood sugar regulation

Question 11

Function of the Adrenal Glands

Answer 11

On top of each kidney

Adrenaline, cortisol (stress hormone, weight gain)

Question 12

Function of the Ovaries

Answer 12

Female reproductive organs

Release eggs and produce sex hormones

Question 13

Function of the Testes

Answer 13

Male reproductive
organ
Produce sperm
and sex hormones

Question 14

What are these endocrine disorders:

Adrenal insufficiency 
Cushing’s disease 
Gigantism
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Hypopituitarism
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Precocious puberty

Answer 14

Adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)- adrenal gland releases too little cortisol

Cushing’s disease (over productive pituitary)- over active adrenal glands and too much cortisol, swollen face

Growth hormone over/under production- gigantism

Hyperthyroidism- over active, fast metabolism, anxious

Hypothyroidism- under active

Hypopituitarism- pituitary stops releases hormones, women with little body fat or over exercise

Polycystic ovary syndrome- cysts on ovaries, lead to infertility

Precocious puberty- abnormal early puberty

Question 15

type 1 diabetes

Answer 15

Autoimmune condition
Destruction of insulin producing cells in the pancreas
Insulin lowers blood sugar
Body cannot adequately regulate glucose levels

Question 16

type 2 diabetes

Answer 16

Metabolic Disorder
Ineffective at using insulin or unable to produce enough insulin
Body is unable to metabolize glucose which leads to elevated blood levels
90-95% of diabetics are Type 2
Type 1 is Permanent, Type 2 is reversible

Question 17

gestational diabetes

Answer 17

Hyperglycemia during pregnancy

Usually develops in 3rd trimester and usually disappears after birth