Quinolones/ Fluroquinolones

Question 1

Quinolone are

Answer 1

Nalidixic acid = it is a quinolone
Narrow spectrum having more gm -ve activity
Bacteriocidal action

Question 2

Fluroquinolones

Answer 2

They are fluoridated quinolones and known as fluoroquinolones
They are broad spectrum
Active against both gm negative and positive

Question 3

Classify fluroquinolones

Answer 3

1st gen = ciprofloxacin , ofloxacin , pefloxacin , norfloxacin
2nd gen = sparfloxacin , gemifloxacin, gatifloxacin, lomefloxacin , levofloxacin, moxifloxacin

Question 4

M/A of fluroquinolones

Answer 4

Ciprofloxacin/Sparfloxacin ==> Binds with bacterial DNA ==> inhibit DNA gyrase and supercoiling of DNA
==> Inhibit transcription and replication of bacteria ==> lysis of bacteria and antimicrobial action

Question 5

Uses of Ciprofloxacin

Answer 5

RTI= pneumonia , bronchitis , tonsillitis , sinusitis

GIT Infection = typhoid fever , paratyphoid fever , gastroenteritis , bacterial diarrhoea , dysentery

SSTI = Wound infection , cellulitis , carbuncle

Genitourinary tract infection = UTI Cystitis , urethritis , prostatitis , cervicitis , gonorrhoea

Abdominal and Pelvic sepsis
Others ; Mycobaterium tuberculosis (2nd line )
Anthrax

Question 6

A/e of Ciprofloxacin

Answer 6

Headache
Dizziness
Photosensitivity
Arthalgia
TENDONITIS AND TENDON RUPTURE

Question 7

Contraindications

Answer 7

Pregnancy
Lactation
Children less than8 years
Hypersensitivity

Question 8

List the drugs used for enteric fever

Answer 8

1st choice = Ciprofloxacin , ofloxacin , cefuroxime , cefpodoxime , Ceftriaxone , azithromycin
2nd choice = cotrimoxazole
3rd choice = amoxicillin , Cephradine

Question 9

Drugs used for uti

Answer 9

Nitrofurontin
Cephalosporin
Ciprofloxacin
Amoxicillin
Cotrimoxazole
Azithromycin
Amoxicillin with Clauvonic acid
Phenoxymethyl penicllin