Autacoids Flashcards
Autacoids defn
Autacoids are those compounds that form locally , rapidly act to protect local injuries then decay or destroyed enzymatically
Classification of Autacoids
1) DECARBOXYLATED AMINO ACID
Histamine
Serotonin
2)POLYPEPTIDE
Angiotensin , vasopressin , plasmakinin , substance P , vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
3) EICOSANOID
Leukotriene
Thromboxanes
Prostaglandin
Common Autacoids are
Histamine
Serotonin
LT
TX
PG
Substance P
Role of Autacoids
They take part in inflammation ,
Allergic reaction
Anaphylactic reaction
Neurotransmitter
Gastric acid secretion
Neuroendocrine regulation
Wakefulness
Decrease appetite
Regulation of drinking
Regulation of temperature
Secretion of ADH
Control of BP
Perception of pain
Histamine receptors and sites
H1 receptor = bronchus skin adrenal medulla urinary bladder thalamus hypothalamus cerebellum
H2 receptor gastric parietal cell , heart , uterus , mast cell
H3 receptor = brain
Classification of anti histamine
1st gen
Promethazine
Chlorpheniramine meleate
Pheniramine meleate
Kitotifen
Diphenhydramine
Cyproheptadine
Cyclizine/ meclizine
Hydroxyzen hydrochloride
Ropatidine
Mebhydrolin
2nd gen
Loratidine
Desloratidine
Fexofenadine
Terfenadine
Mizolastine
Levocetrizine
Cetirizine hydrochloride
Adv of 2nd gen over 1st gen
No sedative action
No drowsiness / hangover
No cardiovascular adverse effects
Safe in pregnancy
H2 blockers
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Cimetidine
Roxatidine
Nizatidine
Zolentidine
H3 blockers
Thioperamide
Ciproxifan
Conessine
Indications of h1 anti histamine
Anti allergic action = itching , running nose , urticaria , atopic dermatitis , contact dermatitis , insect bite , common cold , dyspnoea
As a sedative ( diphenhydramine )
As anti emetic ( promethazine , meclizine )
As antianxylotic ( hydroxizen hydrochloride )
As an antimuscarinic ( diphenhydramine )
Pharmacological action of H1 antihistamine
Antiallergic action
Sedative action
Anti emetic action
Anti Parkinsonism action
Blocking action = hypotension
Serotonin blocking action = wt gain
A/E of promethazine
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Lassitude
Weakness/ fatigue
Tired filling
Blurred vision
Hypotension
Dry mouth
Constipation
Urinary retention
Important prostaglandin analogues
Misprostol
Dinoprostone
Carboprost
Latanoprost
Gemeprost
Epoprostenol
Alprostsdil
Indications of misoprostol
Cytoprotection in PUD ( NSAIDs induced PUD)
Induction of labour
Therapeutic abortion
Also treatment and prevention of PPH
Sometime uses in treatment of erectile dysfunction
Uses of dinoprostone
Induction of labour
Augmention of labour
Mid term abortion
