Questions for Review Flashcards
Which type of symbiosis do both members benefit from their interaction?
mutualism
An axenic environment is one that
contains only one species
The most frequent portal of entry for pathogens is
the respiratory tract
The process by which microorganisms attache themselves to cells is
adhesion
Correct sequence of events in infectious diseases
incubation, prodromal period, illness, decline, convalescence
A disease in which a pathogen remains inactive for a long period of time before becoming active is termed
latent disease
To obtain immediate immunity against tetanus, patient should receive
a subunit vaccine against Clostridium tetani
Which vaccine type is commonly given with an adjuvant?
a chemically killed vaccine
Maximal precipitation occurs when
antigen and antibody are at equivalent concentrations
An anti-antibody is used when
the antigen is an antibody
The many different proteins in serum can be analyzed by
an immunodiffusion test
A direct fluorescent antibody test requires
antibodies against the antigen
An ELISA uses what reagent?
an enzyme-labeled anti-antibody
A direct fluorescent antibody test can be used to detect the presence of
specific antigens
Attenuation is
the process of reducing virulence
An antiserum is
the liquid portion of blood used for immunization
Monoclonal antibodies
are produced by hybridomas, are secreted by clone cells, and can be used for passive immunization
The study of antibody-antigen interaction in the blood is
serology
Anti-human antibody antibodies are
formed by animals reacting to human immunoglobulins
An eschar is
a painless, black, crusty ulcer
Opportunistic pathogen often seen in burn victims
Pseudomonas
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by
measles virus
Cerebrospinal fluid is
formed deep within the brain, found in the subarachnoid space, and withdrawn in a spinal tap
The meninx lying closes to the spinal cord is the
pia mater
Hansen’s disease is also known as
leprosy
The most common form of meningitis is
viral meningitis
Bacterium associated with bacteremia, meningitis, and pneumonia in newborns
Streptococcus agalactiae
Toxemia refers to
blood poisoning due to toxins
Toxin released from cel walls of dying Gram-negative bacteria is called
endotoxin
Bacteria more commonly associated with septicemia
Gram-negative bacteria
Another name for a complete virus is
virion
A clear zone of phage infection in a bacterial lawn is
a plaque
