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Microbiology > Chapter 21-Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 21-Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

plasma

A

liquid that is left behind when cellular component of blood is removed, contains clotting factor

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2
Q

serum

A

plasma with clotting factor removed

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3
Q

lymph

A

liquid that escapes the blood vessels because endothelial cell lining is loose

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4
Q

lymphatic system

A

absorbs escaped liquids and filters through lymph nodes

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5
Q

septicemia

A

presence of pathogens or toxins in the blood

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6
Q

sepsis

A

body’s inflammatory response to a pathogen

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7
Q

severe sepsis

A

inflammation is uncontrolled and very harmful

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8
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of endocardium

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9
Q

endocarditis portal of entry

A

injections, dental procedures, tattoos, piercings, surgery

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10
Q

endocarditis signs and symptoms

A

tachycardia

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11
Q

endocarditis causative agent

A

any bacteria

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12
Q

endocarditis susceptibility factors

A

suppressed immune system, heart surgery, congenital heart disorders

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13
Q

endocarditis treatment

A

antibiotics; prophylactic antibiotics before surgeries

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14
Q

anthrax causative agent

A

Bacillus anthracis

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15
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A

causative agent of anthrax; Gram + rod, endospore forming

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16
Q

anthrax virulence factor

A

exotoxins

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17
Q

cutaneous anthrax

A

minor cut, 20% mortality, eschar (black lesion)

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18
Q

gastrointestinal anthrax

A

contaminated, under-cooked food; ulcerative lesions in GI tract; 50% mortality

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19
Q

inhalational anthrax

A

inhalation of spores, bacteremia leads to septic shock and death; 100% mortality

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20
Q

plague causative agent

A

Yersinia pestis

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21
Q

Yersinia pestis

A

causative agent of plague; Gram - rod

22
Q

plague reservoir

A

rats, ground squirrels, and prairie dogs

23
Q

plague vector

A

Xenopsylla cheopsis (flea)

24
Q

bubonic plague

A

not transmissible, can progress to pneumonic plague, swollen lymph nodes (buboes)

25
Q

bubonic plague portal of entry

26
Q

bubonic plague signs and symptoms

A

black tissue

27
Q

bubonic plague time for infection

28
Q

pneumonic plague

A

highly contagious

29
Q

pneumonic plague portal of entry

A

inhalation

30
Q

pneumonic plague signs and symptoms

A

bloody sputum

31
Q

plague treatment and prevention

A

antibiotics; rodent control

32
Q

pneumonic plague time for infection

A

1-4 days, hours

33
Q

lyme disease signs and symptoms

A

bull’s eye rash, irregular heartbeat, encephalitis, arthritis

34
Q

lyme disease causative agent

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

35
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi

A

causative agent of lyme disease, spirochete

36
Q

lyme disease reservoir

37
Q

lyme disease vector

38
Q

lyme disease prevention

A

tick repellent

39
Q

malaria

A

infects red blood cells, forms rings on red blood cells (must be bitten twice)

40
Q

malaria causative agents

A

Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium falciparum

41
Q

Plasmodium falciparum

A

causative agent of malaria; causes cerebral malaria, fatal within 24 hours

42
Q

malaria vector

A

Anopheles (female mosquito)

43
Q

malaria signs and symptoms

A

fever, chills, anemia

44
Q

Schistosomiasis causative agent

A

Schistosoma (helminth)

45
Q

helminth

46
Q

Schistosomiasis portal of entry

A

larvae burrow through skin

47
Q

Schistosomiasis signs and symptoms

A

splenomagaly, renal failure, heart failure

48
Q

Schistosomiasis prevention

A

avoid swimming in freshwater, boil water

49
Q

Mononucleosis causative agent

A

Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus 4

50
Q

mononucleosis symptoms

A

splenomegaly

51
Q

mononucleosis transmission

Microbiology (12 decks)

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