(Q3) Photographs Flashcards
Alphonse Bertillon
- Inventor of the “mug shot”
- French anthropologist and criminologist
Bertillonage
- the systematic measurement of criminals’ physical features for consistent identification and recordkeeping
- Replaced by fingerprinting
Frontal View
Good for length and width
Profile View
Good for length, projection and
recession
Three-Quarter View
- Combination of frontal and profile views
- Gives perspective in regard to
fullness of features and curvature
Types of Lighting
Natural
Ambient
Directed
Split
Flat
Backlighting
Butterfly
Highlights
Surface lying at a right angle to light source; lighter and brighter parts
Shadows
surface not at a right angle to light source; little or no reflection causing the feature to be dark
Directed Lighting
Use of artificial light to control angle and strength
Split Lighting
- Light source from the side
- “Splits” the features into definite
highlight and shadows
Flat Lighting
- Light source directed at the front of the subject
- Many highlights but few shadows
Backlighting
- Source of light originates from behind
- A.K.A. “Short” lighting
- Face is mostly shadows
Butterfly Lighting
- light source from below
- Creates shadows on the superior
portion of cheeks - Shows depth of eyes
- Good for telling spooky stories in
the dark
Types of Photographs
Portraits (professional)
Candids
Snapshot
Portraits (Professional)
Pros: good lighting, angle,
expression
Cons: airbrushed, outdated
Candid
Subject is not prompted to pose for
photo
Pros: may have a ¾ view, may have
natural expression, may be recent
Cons: poor lighting, distance from
camera, obscured face
Snapshot
- Amateur photo where subject is posing
- Pros: may have ¾ angle, natural expression
- Cons: poor lighting, distance from camera
What happens to your mind when you view an inverted photo?
- Inverting a photograph will give a new perspective
- Allowing the mind to see individual features separately
Thatcher Effect
The human mind sees another human face as the sum of its parts, not as a
collection of individual parts
Why is knowing how to calculate photograph proportions important to embalmers?
Is used to find the size of a missing feature on the body
How to Calculate Photograph Proportions
- Measure the missing part in the photo
- Measure length of entire head in the photo
- Measure head on actual body
- Use a butterfly equation to solve for the missing part
How to Calculate Photograph Scale
- Measure length of entire head in the photo
- Measure head on actual body
- Body head/photo head = scale number
- Measure the missing part in the photo
- Multiply the missing part by the scale number
